THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


FROM  THE 


LIBRARY 

of 

CHARLES    S.    PIERCE 


H  ISTORY 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM. 


PREPARED  AT  THE  REQUEST  OF  THE  TOWN, 


THOMAS  LAURENS  SMITH. 


PORTLAND : 

HOYT    &    FOGG 

1873 


STEPHEN  BERRY,  PRINTER,  PORTLAND. 


Accuracy  should  be  the  paramount  object  of  the  historian. 
However  desirous  he  inay  be  to  attain  this  object,  it  is 
seldom,  if  ever  accomplished.  He  may  relate  with  sufficient 
accuracy,  such  transactions  as  occur  within  his  knowledge  ; 
when  he  goes  beyond  this  to  relate  transactions,  especially 
those  of  long  standing,  he  must  have  recourse  to  written  or 
traditional  history.  These,  it  is  well  known,  are  not  always 
free  from  errors.  Another  obstacle  he  has  to  encounter, 
arises  from  the  different  manner  in  which  different  individ- 
uals describe  the  same  transaction.  No  two  of  Napoleon's 
generals  described  his  battles  alike,  and  he  different  from  all 
his  generals. 

The  tendency  of  these  errors  and  discrepancies  is  to 
embarrass  and  mislead  the  historian.  If  the  information 
derived  from  these  sources  is  erroneous,  he  transfers  them 
to  and  they  become  a  part  of  his  work,  and  are  thereby 
transmitted  to  posterity. 

In  gathering  up  such  historical  matters  as  relate  to  the 
town  of  Windham,  the  author  has  been  anxious  to  give  an 
impartial  and  truthful  relation.  If  any  errors  exist  in  the 
work  they  are  the  result  of  mistake  or  misinformation,  and 
not  of  intention. 


610291 

GEOOBAPH? 


HISTORY. 


In  recurring  to  the  local  history  of  the  town  of  Windham, 
we  find  that  on  Nov.  20,  1734,  Abraham  Howard  and 
Joseph  Blaney,  representatives  of  the  town  of  Marblehead, 
petitioned  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  "  shewing 
that  the  said  town  is  of  very  small  extent,  and  the  inhabitants 
more  numerous  than  in  most  towns  in  the  Province,  so  that 
they  are  much  straightened  in  their  accommodations,  and 
therefore  praying  for  a  tract  of  land  for  a  township  for  such 
persons  belonging  'to  the  said  town  of  Marblehead  as  will 
settle  thereon."  This  petition  was  granted  by  the  House 
of  Representatives,  and  consented  to  by  the  Governor  and 
Council,  in  December,  1735.  John  Wainwright,  John 
Hobson,  and  Daniel  Epes,  were  appointed  on  the  part  of 
the  House,  Win.  Dudley  and  Ebenezer  Barrill,  on  the  part  of 
the  Council,  a  committee  fully  authorized  to  admit  sixty 
inhabitants  belonging  to  the  town  of  Marblehead,  who  most 
need  a  grant,  to  become  grantees,  to  lay  out  the  township, 
and  also  the  first  division  of  home  lots.  The  conditions  of 
the  grant  were,  that  the  home  lots  should  be  sixty-three  in 
number,  be  laid  out  in  as  defensible  a  manner  as  conveniently 
may  be,  and  all  future  divisions  in  equal  proportions,  three 
of  the  lots  or  rights  to  be  disposed  of,  one  for  the  first  settled 
minister,  one  for  the  ministry,  and  one  for  the  support  of 
schools,  the  grantees  to  build  a  dwelling  house  eighteen  feet 
square  and  seven  feet  posts,  to  have  seven  acres  of  land 
brought  to  English  Grass  and  fitted  for  mowing,  to  settle  a 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  5 

learned,  orthodox  minister,  to  build  a  convenient  meeting 
house  for  the  public  worship  of  God,  within  five  years 
from  their  admission,  and  that  each  grantee  pay  the  com- 
mittee five  pounds  upon  their  admission.  Agreeably  to  the 
power  vested  in  the  committee  for  the  above  purposes,  they 
repaired  to  Marblehead  and  admitted  the  sixty  grantees 
specified  in  the  grant,  January  17,  1735. 

Several  of  the  grantees  had  a  meeting  at  Marblehead  and 
appointed  Ebenezer  Hawkes,  Thomas  Chute  and  William 
Goodwin  a  committee  on  the  part  of  the  grantees  to 
accompany,  assist  and  advise  the  committee  appointed  by 
the  General  Court  to  locate  the  township  and  to  lay  out  the 
first  division  of  home  lots.  The  several  committees  accord- 
ingly assembled  at  Marblehead  with  Rowland  Houghton, 
surveyor,  April  19,  1735,  and  immediately  came  to  this 
town  and  commenced  its  location,  and  also  ran  out  and 
established  the  first  division  of  home  lots,  being  sixty-three 
in  number,  containing  ten  acres  each,  and  made  a  return  of 
their  doings,  with  a  plan  of  the  same,  May  7,  1735,  which 
was  accepted  by  both  branches  of  the  General  Court,  June 
7, 1735,  the  lands  therein  described  confirmed  to  the  grantees, 
provided  they  comply  with  the  conditions  of  the  grant. 
The  town  of  Windham  as  originally  laid  out,  embraces  the 
contents  of  six  miles  square,  and  twenty-five  thousand  six 
hundred  acres.  June  27,  1735,  the  committee  met  at 
Marblehead,  when  the  sixty-three  home  lots  or  first  division 
were  drawn  and  disposed  of  to  the  proprietors.  These  lots 
were  located  on  the  main  road  from  Westbrook,  running 
parallel  with,  and  one-half  mile  distant  from  Presumpscot 
River  to  Raymond,  being  the  first  road  located  in  Windham. 
They  extended  from  the  road  back  to  the  river,  and  began 
opposite  the  dwelling  house  where  John  Webb,  Esq.,  now 
lives,  and  terminated  a  few  rods  below  the  dwelling  house 
where  Paul  Stone  lived,  extending  on  the  road  two  miles. 
These  lots  were  ten  rods  wide  on  the  road,  and  one-half 


6  HISTORY  OF  THE 

mile  long,  and  were,  in  a  very  peculiar  manner,  Indian  lots, 
having  great  length  and  little  width.  The  design  of  laying 
these  lots  out  in  this  singular  form  should  not  be  forgotten. 
It  was  a  condition  of  the  grant  to  lay  out  the  "  home  lots 
in  as  defensible  a  manner  as  conveniently  may  be."  The 
General  Court  were  induced  to  incorporate  this  condition  in 
all  the  grants  made  at  that  time,  from  their  extreme  anxiety 
to  protect  the  first  settlers  from  being  destroyed  by  the 
Indians.  From  the  first  settlements  in  Maine,  in  1630  to 
1758,  settlers  in  the  new  or  frontier  towns  could  not  be 
considered  secure  from  the  attacks  of  the  Indians. 

Numerous  and  blood}'  wars  were  waged  between  the 
native  Indians  and  the  first  settlers — and  on  the  part  of  the 
Indians,  wars  of  extermination,  sparing  neither  age,  sex  or 
condition.  The  frequent  occurrence  and  the  facilitv  with 

•I 

which  scattering  settlements  had  been  destroyed  by  the 
Indians,  and  the  fatal  consequences  attending  them,  induced 
the  General  Court  to  adopt  every  measure  to  prevent  their 
recurrence.  And  from  a  belief  that  compact  settlements 
were  more  secure  from  their  attacks  than  the  sparse  settle- 
ments, this  condition  was  inserted  in  the  grant. 

It  is  perhaps  hardly  necessary  to  observe  that  the  residue 
of  all  the  land  in  the  town  was  owned  in  common  by  the 
owners  of  these  sixty-three  home  lots.  It  is  worthy  of 
notice  that  the  town,  as  originally  laid  out,  extended  down 
the  Presumpscot  River  to  Saccarappa  Falls ;  and  the 
boundary  line  between  this  town  and  Falmouth.  (now 
Westbrook)  was  in  dispute  from  the  grant  of  the  township 
in  1784  until  Nov.  27,  1761,  a  period  of  twenty-seven  years, 
when  the  line  was  finally  established  by  an  act  of  the 
General  Court.  During  the  great  length  of  time  the  line 
between  this  town  and  Falmouth  was  in  dispute,  the 
proprietors  were  subjected  to  great  embarrassment  and  not 
a  little  expense.  This  troublesome  and  exciting  subject  of 
our  southeastern  boundary  had  scarcely  been  put  to  rest, 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  7 

when  a  dispute  respecting  our  northeastern  boundary  made 
its  appearance,  and  the  boundary  line  between  this  town 
and  Gray  (formerly  New  Boston)  came  in  for  its  usual  share 
of  notoriety.  For  a  long  time  the  settlement  of  this  subject 
appeared  to  be  as  difficult  to  adjust,  as  the  boundary  line 
between  the  State  of  Maine  and  her  "Majesty's  Province  of 
New  Brunswick," — and  threatened  to  involve  the  two  towns 
in  scenes  of  "  blood  and  carnage."  But  as  no  troops  were 
marched  by  either  party  upon  the  "  disputed  territory," 
the  difficulty  was  happily  got  under  without  any  loss  of  lives 
to  either  party,  but  not  until  it  had  made  some  very 
unwelcome  requisitions  upon  the  "  Treasury  department." 

And  frequently,  when  this  town  has  had  to  assist  in 
building  a  bridge  across  the  Presumpscot,  it  has  been 
extremely  difficult  to  find  the  boundary  line  between  Wind- 
ham  and  Gorham.  Not  that  it  is  so  very  difficult  to  find 
the  "  true  Presumpscot "  mentioned  in  the  grant  of  the 
township,  as  to  find  its  channel.  The  difficulties  respecting 
boundary  lines  are  no  new  thing  to  the  inhabitants  of  this 
town,  ancient  or  modern.  They  were  "  in  the  full  tide  of 
successful  operation  "  here,  nearly  half  a  century  before  the 
treaty  of  1783.  They  are  co-existent  with  the  town, 
resemble  the  hydra  in  their  nature,  are  interminable,  and 
like  the  grave,  never  satisfied. 

July  4,  1735,  the  grantees  had  a  meeting  at  Marblehead, 
and  voted  "  That  each  home  lot  have  ten  acres  more  of  land 
added  to  it  on  the  other  side  of  the  main  road  at  the  front 
of  the  said  lots,"  which  were  subsequently  laid  out  directly 
opposite  the  home  lots,  and  exactly  corresponding  with 
them  in  quantity  and  form.  From  July  4,  1735,  to  June  9, 
1737,  the  grantees  had  various  meetings  and  raised  and 
expended  several  sums  of  money  for  building  a  bridge  across 
Presumpscot  River  immediately  above  Saccarappa  Falls,  arid 
also  bridges  over  Inkhorn  and  Colley  Wright's  brooks, 


8  HISTORY  OF  THE 

clearing  roads  and  defraying  other  incidental  expenses  in 
preparing  the  township  for  settlement. 

June  9, 1737,  the  grantees  voted  to  build  a  meeting  house 
for  public  worship,  chose  a  committee  to  report  at  the 
adjournment,  the  "  dimensions  and  form."  At  the  adjourn- 
ment, June  23,  '37,  the  committee  reported  "  that  it  was 
their  opinion  that  a  meeting  house  suitable  for  said  township 
at  present,  be  about  forty  feet  long  and  thirty  feet  wide, 
and  ten  feet  high,"  which  report  was  accepted  and  a  vote 
passed  that  the  "meeting  house  be  built  in  dimensions 
according  to  the  report  of  the  committee."  It  was  also 
44  Voted,  That  the  meeting  house  be  built  on  the  westernmost 
corner  of  the  ten  acre  lot  to  be  laid  out  and  belonging  to 
the  ministerial  lot  (home  lot,  No.  33),  and  that  X120  be 
assessed  on  the  several  rights  to  defray  the  expense  of 
building  the  house,"  but  in  consequence  of  the  Indians 
claiming  the  land,  forbidding  and  menacing  those  employed 
to  build  the  house,  it  was  not  completed  until  1740.  This 
was  the  first  meeting  house  erected  in  this  town,  and  stood 
a  few  rods  north  of  the  dwelling  house  where  Col.  Edward 
Anderson  formerly  lived. 

The  grantees  gave  this  town  the  name  of  New  Marble- 

^  head,  in  honor  of  Marblehead  in  Mass.,  to  which  the  grantees 
belonged.  It  retained  this  name  from  the  grant  of  the 

(  township  in  1734  until  its  incorporation  in  1762.  Such  were 
some  of  the  early  preparative  steps  taken  towards  the  first 
settlement  of  this  town. 

f        Capt.  Thomas  Chute  commenced  the  first  settlement  in 

V  this  town  July  30, 1737.  He  was  born  in  England  in  1690, 
emigrated  to  Marblehead,  Mass.,  from  Marblehead  he  came 
to  Falmouth,  now  Portland,  in  the  spring  of  1737,  and  on 
the  30th  of  July  following,  came  to  this  town.  He  was  one 
of  the  grantees,  and  drew  home  lot  or  right  No.  12,  on 
which  he  settled,  about  thirty  rods  from  the  bank  of  the 
Presumpscot  River.  Here  were  the  first  trees  felled, — here 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  9 

was  the  first  habitation,  the  first  rude  log  tenement  erected, 
— here  was  the  abode  of  the  first  civilized  family  in  the 
town,  and  here  was  the  first  land  cleared  by  the  hand  of 
civilized  man.  This  settlement  was  on  the  farm  formerly 
the  farm  of  John  Chute,  the  grandson  of  Thomas  Chute. 

William  Mayberry  was  the  second  settler  in  this  town : 
he  was  from  Marblehead  and  also  one  of  the  grantees.  He 
settled  on  home  lot  27,  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Frederic 
Smith,  about  thirty  rods  from  the  river. 

John  Farrar  was  the  third  settler :  he  came  from  Tiver- 
ton,  Rhode  Island,  and  settled  on  home  lot  No.  31,  a  few 
rods  from  the  river,  on  the  farm  owned  by  Col.  Edward 
Anderson. 

The  fourth  settler  was  Stephen  Manchester:  he  came 
from  Tiverton,  Rhode  Island,  and  settled  on  home  lot  No. 
32,  near  the  river,  on  the  farm  owned  by  Col.  E.  Anderson. 
The  three  last  settlers,  Mayberry,  Farrar  and  Manchester, 
settled  within  one  year  from  the  time  the  first  settlement 
was  made  by  Chute. 

The  fifth  settler  was  Abraham  Anderson ;  he  came  from 
Groton,  Mass.,  to  Marblehead,  and  from  Marblehead  to  this 
town ;  he  settled  on  home  lot  No.  36,  on  the  main  road,  in 
the  year  1738.  He  built  the  first  house  and  was  the  first 
family  settled  on  the  main  road  in  Windham,  where  he 
lived  nearly  two  years  before  any  other  families  came  into 
town,  after  which  several  other  families  moved  in  and 
settled  on  the  main  road  on  the  home  lots,  and  there  was  a 
gradual  increase  of  settlers. 

The  early  settlers  of  this  town  were  chiefly  from  Marble- 
head  and  Salem,  towns  whose  inhabitants  are  distinguished 
for  correct  moral  character,  for  liberality,  industry  and 
enterprise.  Many  a  hard  fought  battle  by  sea  and  by  land 
during  the  war  of  the  revolution  bears  honorable  testimony 
to  their  bravery,  to  their  attachment  to  their  country,  its 
rights  and  liberties.  Such  is  the  character  of  the  people 


10  HISTORY  OF  THE 

from  whom  our  ancestors,  the  first  settlers  of  this  town, 
originated. 

The  first  settlers,  as  has  already  been  observed,  erected 
their  habitations  near  the  banks  of  the  Presumpscot.  Their 
object  in  settling  there  was  to  have  the  benefit  of  a  water 
conveyance,  having  no  other  means  of  transportation. 
Notwithstanding  the  proprietors  had  expended  considerable 
money  in  making  roads  from  Saccarappa  to  the  upper  home 
lots,  it  consisted  merely  in  cutting  down  the  trees  and 
"  swamping  out "  the  roads.  They  were  in  such  an  impass- 
able condition  as  to  be  wholly  useless  to  the  first  settlers. 
The  first  settlers  of  this  town  commenced  their  settlement 
under  the  most  discouraging  circumstances.  They  were 
destitute  of  roads,  carriages,  mills,  mechanics,  physicians, 
religious  meetings,  schools,  and  comfortable  dwellings ;  but 
poorly  supplied  with  comfortable  food  and  clothing,  sur- 
rounded by  difficulties  and  dangers,  and  no  succor  or 
supplies  could  be  obtained  without  traveling  six  or  eight 
miles  through  the  trackless  woods.  Yet  they  persevered 
with  untiring  zeal,  displayed  a  fortitude  that  does  honor  to 
human  nature,  rose  superior  to  every  obstacle,  subdued  the 
face  of  nature,  turned  the  barren  wilderness  into  the  fruit- 
ful field,  and  ultimately  taught  the  savage  Indians,  by  whom 
they  were  surrounded,  to  know  by  sad  experience,  that  the 
first  settlers  were  a  class  of  men  who  would  not  suffer  them 
to  take  life  with  impunity. 

At  a  proprietors'  meeting,  January  19,  1738,  a  vote  was 
passed  granting  to  Messrs.  Ebenezer  Hawkes,  William 
Goodwin,  Isaac  Turner  and  Ebenezer  Stacy,  all  their  right 
to  any  one  of  the  falls  of  water  on  the  Presumpscot,  with 
ten  acres  of  land  adjoining  the  same,  upon  condition  of  their 
erecting  and  putting  in  operation  a  sawmill,  which  was 
accordingly  built  on  the  falls  called  Horse-beef,  and  accepted 
by  the  proprietors  Dec.  13,  1740.  This  was  the  first  mill  of 
any  kind  erected  within  the  limits  of  this  town. 


TOWN  OF  TVTNDHAM.  II 

The  proprietors,  at  their  meeting  June  5,  1740,  voted  to 
lay  out  sixty-three  one  hundred  acre  lots,  adjoining  and 
contiguous  to  the  home  settlements,  which  were  completed 
Oct.  22,  1740,  and  accepted  Dec.  4,  1740,  as  the  second 
division  of  the  common  lands  in  the  township,  and  being  the 
first  division  of  hundred  acre  lots.  And  by  a  subsequent 
vote,  a  third  division  of  the  common  land,  consisting  of  126 
one  hundred  acre  lots  was  completed  January  26,  1763, 
commonly  called  the  third  division.  And  by  a  vote  passed 
February  24, 1801,  a  division  of  the  remainder  of  the  common 
land  into  63  lots  of  seventy-three  acres  each  was  made 
Oct.  3,  1801,  and  accepted  and  confirmed  February  16, 
1804,  called  the  fourth  division.  In  these  several  divisions, 
each  one  of  the  sixty-three  original  rights  has  drawn  393 
acres  of  land. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  proprietors  March  3,  1742,  it  was 
voted  to  "  settle  an  orthodox  minister  as  soon  as  may  be." 
It  was  further  voted  "  That  the  said  settled  minister  shall 
have  paid  to  him  the  sum  of  forty-five  pounds  out  of  the 
proprietors'  treasury  for  his  settlement."  "  That  the  sum  of 
thirty  pounds  per  annum  be  allowed"  and  paid  out  of  the 
proprietors'  treasury  for  the  support  of  the  said  minister 
from  the  time  of  his  settlement  until  the  said  township  be 
incorporated  into  a  town."  James  Skinner,  Nathan  Bowen 
and  Jonathan  Proctor  were  chosen  a  committee  to  contract 
with  Mr.  John  Wight  according  to  the  foregoing  votes. 
The  committee  accordingly  addressed  Mr.  Wight  upon  the 
subject,  March  25,  1743,  received  his  answer  consenting  to 
the  request  of  the  committee,  and  on  the  following  day  a 
contract  was  completed  between  the  parties.  At  a  subsequent 
meeting,  Sept.  1,  1743,  seven  pounds  ten  shillings  were 
voted  to  be  expended  in  the  ordination  of  Mr.  Wight ;  he 
came  immediately  to  this  town  and  entered  upon  his  clerical 
duties. 

From  the  first  settlement  in  this  town  in  1737  to  1743, 


12  HISTORY  OF  THE 

the  settlers  had  been  exempted  from  any  serious  difficulties 
with  the  Indians.  But  these  amicable  relations  between 
the  native  Indians  and  the  first  settlers,  so  essential  arid 
important  to  the  latter,  and  upon  which  their  comfort  and 
the  prosperity  of  their  infant  settlement  mainly  depended, 
were  soon  to  be  interrupted.  Scarcely  had  the  hardy  settlers 
made  a  beginning  and  gained  a  lodgment  in  this  world  of 
woods,  ere  the  tocsin  of  war  was  rung  in  their  ears.  A  war 
between  Great  Britain  and  France  was  now  anticipated^ 
which  would  inevitably  bring  the  English  settlements  in 
contact  with  the  Indians,  and  draw  down  the  vengeance  of 
the  savages  upon  the  new  settled  towns.  Fully  satisfied  that 
a  rupture  was  about  to  take  place,  Massachusetts  resolved 
"  to  put  her  whole  inland  frontier,  extensive  as  it  was,  into  a 
good  posture  of  defense.  As  the  eastern  Provinces,  Maine 
and  Sagadahock,  were  most  exposed  to  incursions  from  the 
savages,  in  case  of  a  rupture,  the  Legislature  made  an 
appropriation  of  about  £1280  to  be  disbursed  from  the 
public  treasury,  and  expended  among  the  eastern  settlements 
for  their  defense."  One  hundred  pounds  of  this  appropri- 
ation was  assigned  to  New  Marblehead,  and  expended  in 
building  a  fort.  This  fort  was  built  on  home  lot  No.  33, 
in  the  centre  of  the  "  Ancient  Dominion,"  or  home  lots,  on 
the  most  elevated  and  beautiful  site  in  the  "  two  mile 
territory,"  a  few  rods  south  of  the  dwelling  house  of  the 
late  Peter  Thatcher  Smith.  It  stood  partly  on  the  road  and 
partly  on  land  occupied  by  Col.  Anderson  for  a  garden. 

The  fort  was  fifty  feet  square,  two  stories  high,  with  walls 
one  foot  thick,  of  hewn  hemlock  timber,  the  upper  story 
jutting  one  foot  over  the  lower,  with  a  tier  of  port  holes. 
There  were  two  watch  boxes  placed  at  diagonal  corners, 
two  stories  high,  twelve  feet  square,  with  walls  one  foot 
thick,  each  watch  box  having  a  swivel  gun,  furnished  by 
the  proprietors,  and  so  placed  as  to  defend  two  sides  of  the 
fort.  The  fort  was  surrounded  with  a  stockade  about  25  or 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  13 

30  feet  from  it,  made  by  setting  posts  ten  or  twelve  inches 
in  diameter,  12  feet  long,  perpendicularly  in  the  ground, 
and  so  near  together  that  "  the  Indians "  could  not  pass 
between  them.  The  fort  was  provided  with  an  iron  "nine 
pounder  gun  "  by  the  State,  which  was  placed  before  the 
fort  for  the  purpose  of  firing  alarms,  and  giving  the  neigh- 
boring settlements  notice  of  the  approach  of  Indians.  The 
fort  was  built  during  the  spring  of  1744,  and  the  only  one 
that  was  ever  erected  in  this  town. 

At  a  proprietors'  meeting  at  Marblehead,  July  30,  1744, 
seven  years  from  the  first  settlement  of  the  town,  it  was 
"  Voted,  That  the  half  barrel  (or  50  Ibs.)  of  powder  purchased 
by  William  Mayberry  be  paid  for  by  the  proprietors,  being 
£20  9s.,  old  tenor,  and  the  said  powder  to  be  for  the  use  of 
the  inhabitants  of  said  township,  on  any  extraordinary  occa- 
sion, according  to  further  direction."  "  Voted,  That  the  said 
powder  be  put  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  William  Mayberry,  he 
supplying  the  inhabitants  (who  want  it)  to  the  value  of  half 
a  pound  each  man,  and  the  remainder  of  said  powder  to  be 
kept  in  the  block  house  (fort)  for  the  use  thereof,  in  time 
of  action,  in  case  the  same  be  attacked  by  the  Indians  or  any 
other  enemies,  and  no  otherwise  whatsoever." 

"  Voted,  That  the  present  committee  be  and  hereby  are 
directed,  at  the  public  charge  of  the  proprietors,  to  purchase 
two  swivel  guns  and  send  them  to  said  township  for  the  use 
of  the  proprietors,  to  be  placed  in  the  block  house  for  the 
defense  thereof." 

The  inhabitants  of  this  town,  encouraged  by  the  assistance 
thus  given  by  the  State  and  proprietors,  though  manifestly 
inadequate  to  such  a  work,  bestowed  upon  their  fort  a  great 
amount  of  labor  and  made  it  a  place  of  considerable  security. 

The  war  that  had  been  anticipated  between  England  and 
France  in  1743,  was  declared  in  March,  1744,  and  formally 
communicated  to  the  Governor  of  Massachusetts,  the  second 
day  of  June  following.  Thus  were  the  early  settlers  of  thia 


14  HISTORY  OF  THE 

town  met,  at  the  commencement  of  their  settlement,  with 
all  the  privations,  hardships  and  dangers  of  an  Indian  war, 
their  settlement  retarded,  their  comfort,  happiness  and 
prosperity  blasted ! 

The  first  attacks  of  the  Indians  upon  the  English  settle- 
ments in  Maine,  in  this  war,  were  made  July  19,  1745,  at 
St.  Georges  and  Damariscotta  (Newcastle).  From  this 
first  attack  of  the  Indians  until  1751,  the  inhabitants  were 
shut  up  in  the  fort,  a  period  of  six  years.  This  was  a  time 
of  danger  and  suffering. 

A  narrative  of  savage  warfare  on  our  frontier  must  be 
principally  a  recital  of  the  sufferings,  exploits,  escapes  and 
deliverences  of  parties,  families  or  individuals  ;  a  narrative 
the  historian  would  cheerfully  save  himself  the  labor  and 
pains  of  giving,  did  not  fidelity  and  duty  forbid.  But  the 
reiterated  distresses  of  the  eastern  inhabitants,  in  connection 
with  their  fortitude  and  other  virtues,  ought  not  to  be 
overlooked.  In  an  Indian  war  they  were  necessarily  watch- 
ful, or  on  their  guard,  day  and  night,  and  when  at  labor 
within  the  field  they  were  often  obliged  on  a  sudden 
emergency  either  to  repel  an  attack  or  make  a  hazardous 
retreat.  Their  crops  were  not  unfrequently  injured  or 
destroyed,  either  by  their  own  cattle  getting  into  their 
enclosures  where  the  Indians  had  broken  the  fences  ;  or 
because  the  husbandman  durst  not  venture  out  to  collect 
and  secure  the  harvest.  By  reason  of  the  danger  to  which 
they  were  constantly  exposed,  they  were  unable  to  cultivate 
their  lands  to  any  advantage ;  though  when  they  went  to 
public  worship,  or  abroad,  they  were  always  armed ;  and 
usually  when  at  work,  they  posted  a  sentry  in  some  con- 
spicuous place  to  keep  watch.  In  short,  the  distressed 
people  were  afraid  even  to  milk  their  cows,  though  they 
were  kept  in  pastures  as  near  as  possible  to  the  fortifications  ; 
and  whole  families  were  not  unfrequently,  in  these  Indian 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  15 

wars,  shut  up  for  months  together  in  a  state  of  wretched 
anxiety. 

This  painful  state  of  things  continued  until  the  close  of 
the  war  in  1751,  usually  called  the  fifth  Indian  war. 

The  first  outrage  committed  by  the  Indians  on  the  inhab- 
itants of  this  town,  was  April  14, 1747,  when  they  took  and 
made  prisoners  of  William  and  Joseph  Knights,  two  sons  of 
William  Knights,  who  came  from  Manchester,  Mass.,  to  this 
town.  They  were  unarmed  and  taken  by  surprise  at 
Saccarappa,  in  Westbrook,  were  carried  to  the  Indian  settle- 
ments, were  well  treated  by  the  Indians  and  soon  after 
returned  home. 

Their  next  attack  was  made  the  same  year,  August  27, 
when  a  body,  supposed  to  be  between  twenty  and  thirty, 
entered  the  town,  probably,  with  the  intention  to  take  captive 
every  one  of  the  inhabitants,  and  to  furnish  themselves  with 
plunder,  while  devising  the  ruin  of  some  other  place.  They 
made  an  attempt  to  take  William,  son  of  Thomas  Bolton, 
and  William  Maxfield,  a  young  man  living  with  William 
Mayberry,  prisoners.  Bolton  and  Maxfield  were  both  well 
armed  with  muskets.  They  made  a  brave  resistance. 
Bolton  discharged  his  musket  at  his  assailants,  but  before 
he  could  have  time  to  reload,  the  Indians  rushed  upon, 
overpowered,  and  made  him  prisoner.  Maxfield  retreated, 
walking  backward  in  the  direction  of  the  fort,  and  keeping 
the  Indians  at  a  respectful  distance,  by  occasionally  pre- 
senting his  musket  whenever  they  approached  too  near. 
In  this  manner  he  made  good  his  retreat,  till  a  body  of 
armed  men,  who,  hearing  the  firing  of  the  guns,  came  from 
the  fort  to  his  relief.  In  his  retreat  the  Indians  discharged 
several  shots  at  him,  one  of  which  inflicted  a  painful  though 
not  dangerous  wound,  of  which  he  soon  after  recovered. 
This  attack  was  made  in  the  road,  not  more  than  one-fourth 
of  a  mile  from  the  fort.  Bolton  was  carried  captive  by  the 
Indians  to  Canada,  was  purchased  by  a  French  naval  officer 


16  HISTORY  OF  THE 

carried  on  board  a  French  frigate  in  the  capacity  of  a  ser- 
vant ;  shortly  after  the  frigate  put  to  sea  she  was  captured 
by  an  English  frigate  and  carried  into  Boston,  when  Bolton 
again  changed  masters  and  became  the  servant  of  Lieut. 
Wallace,  Second  Lieutenant  of  the  English  frigate.  His  sit- 
uation was  soon  known  to  the  captain  of  a  coasting  vessel 
belonging  to  Falmouth ;  he  applied  to  the  Governor  of 
Massachusetts  for  release,  which  was  promptly  granted,  and 
he  returned  in  his  vessel  with  him  to  Falmouth,  and  from 
Falmouth  to  this  town,  to  the  great  joy  of  his  parents. 

August  22,  1750,  they  surprised  and  made  prisoner  of 
Seth  Webb,  son  of  Samuel  Webb,  who  moved  from  Fal- 
mouth to  this  town,  March  15,  1742,  on  home  lot  No.  23, 
carried  him  to  Canada,  the  headquarters  of  the  Indians ;  but 
ultimately  he  returned  to  this  town  before  the  breaking  out 
of  the  next  Indian  war. 

These  constitute  the  sum  of  the  conflicts  with  the  Indians 
during  what  is  called  the  fifth  Indian  or  five  years  war.  It 
is  worthy  of  remark,  that  the  five  persons  attacked  by  the 
Indians  during  this  war  were  all  young  men  ;  none  were 
killed,  but  one  wounded;  four  were  carried  captive  into 
captivity,  but  ultimately  all  returned  safe  to  their  parents. 
Notwithstanding  this  is  usually  called  the  five  years  war,  it 
,  commenced  July  19,  1745,  and  did  not  terminate  until  Aug. 
3,  1751.  For  so  late  as  June  8,  1751,  the*  Indians  killed 
Joe  Burnal  in  the  adjoining  town  of  Falmouth,  and  a  month 
afterwards,  carried  away  from  New  Meadows  seven  of  the 
inhabitants  prisoners.  August  3,  1751,  a  treaty  with  the 
Indians  was  fully  and  formally  confirmed. 

From  this  time  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  French  war, 
and  sixth  war  with  the  Indians,  at  the  close  of  the  year 
1754,  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  were  unmolested  by  the 
lords  of  the  "  tomahawk  and  scalping  knife."  And  being 
no  longer  imprisoned  within  their  dwellings,  they  applied 
themselves  to  cultivating  their  lands  and  improving  their 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  17 

buildings.  New  dwellings  were  erected,  several  families 
moved  into  town,  and  there  was  a  progressive  increase  in 
population  and  improvements.  The  people  could  now  labor 
on  their  lands  and  pursue  their  several  occupations  without 
having  any  to  molest  or  make  them  afraid,  and  the  "Ancient 
Dominion"  began  to  assume  a  prosperous  aspect.  All  the 
non-intercourse  laws  which  had  been  laid  by  the  Indians, 
for  six  years  past,  were  now  repealed,  and  although  the 
inhabitants  of  that  day  were  not,  like  those  of  the  present, 
smothered  with  a  thousand  and  one  vehicles,  yet  they 
had  that  ancient,  healthy,  and  good  old  fashioned  exercise 
of  riding  on  horse  back.  Many  a  gay  young  man  was 
now  to  be  seen  with  a  lovely  maiden  of  "blooming  sixteen," 
well  mounted  on  a  pillion  behind  him,  dashing  away  through 
thick  and  thin,  over  rocks,  stumps  and  logs,  to  the  "merry 
dance."  But  this  pleasant  state  of  things  was  of  short 
continuance  ;  the  people  had  scarcely  begun  to  live  when 
they  were  involved  in  another  Indian  war. 

At  the  close  of  the  year  1754,  hostilities  again  commenced 
between  the  English  settlements  on  the  one  side,  the  French 
settlements  and  the  Indians  on  the  other.  In  May,  1755^ 
the  Indians  commenced  their  attacks  upon  the  settlements  in 
New  Boston  (Gray),  North  Yarmouth  and  New  Gloucester. 
This  war,  called  the  French  war,  continued  with  the  Indians 
until  the  fall  of  1758,  when  it  ceased  on  their  part,  and  was 
the  last  war  between  the  Indians  and  the  English  settlements 
in  Maine.  The  war,  however,  continued  between  France 
and  England  until  February  10, 1763,  when  England,  having 
completed  the  entire  conquest  of  all  the  northern  dominions 
of  France  in  America,  a  treaty  was  concluded  between  the 
two  nations,  wherein  all  the  English  conquests  were  con- 
firmed. 

The  inhabitants  of  this  town  being  in  daily  expectation 
of  an  attack  from  the  Indians,  spared  no  pains  to  put  their 
settlement  in  a  good  state  of  defense.  Three  dwelling 

2 


18  HISTORY  OF  THE 

houses  were  converted  into  garrisons,  by  erecting  and 
attaching  to  them  a  sentry  or  watch  box,  two  stories  high, 
the  upper  story  projecting  one  foot  over  the  lower,  with  a 
tier  of  port  holes,  made  of  hewn  timber,  bullet  proof.  They 
were  also  surrounded  with  a  stockade  in  the  same  manner 
as  the  fort.  One  of  these  garrisoned  houses  (Mayberry's) 
stood  on  home  lot  No.  18  ;  one  (Bolton's)  on  home  lot  No. 
52,  and  one  (Graffam's)  on  home  lot  No.  61. 

February,  1756,  the  Indians  surprised  and  made  prisoner 
of  Joseph  Knights  the  second  time,  on  (lot  No.  2,  1st 
division  of  100  acre  lots,)  that  part  of  the  lot  next  Pre- 
sumspcot  River.  Having  been  for  some  time  a  prisoner 
among  the  Indians  in  the  preceding  war,  he  had  partially 
learned  their  language,  and  ascertaining  that  they  intended 
to  attack  all  the  frontier  towns  from  Brunswick  to  Saco,  he 
determined  on  making  his  escape  and  alarming  the  settle- 
ments, which  he  effected  the  seventh  of  the  following  May. 
They  had  traveled  to  the  Androscoggin  River ;  being  fatigued 
they  halted,  made  a  fire,  and  encamped  around  it  for  the 
night.  To  prevent  Knights  from  making  his  escape,  he  was 
ordered  to  lie  down  on  the  ground,  between  two  Indians, 
for  the  night.  Knights  kept  awake, — he  could  not  sleep, 
"  it  seemed  so  odd."  The  Indians  soon  fell  into  a  sound 
sleep,  when  Knights  gently  took  leave  of  his  bed-fellows, 
gave  "leg  bail,"  came  into.  North  Yarmouth  and  gave  notice 
of  the  intended  attack  of  the  Indians.*  From  North  Yar- 
mouth he  went  to  Falmouth,  now  Portland,  where  the 
inhabitants  generously  contributed  to  his  relief,  after  which 
he  soon  returned  to  this  town. 

The  next  and  last  "  tug  of  war  "  between  the  inhabitants 
of  this  town  and  the  Indians  was  May  14,  1756. 


*  "  May  10.  This  morning  we  are  alarmed  with  young  Knights,  who  escaped 
from  the  Indians  three  days  ago,  and  got  to  North  Yarmouth  this  morning, 
who  brings  news  of  120  Indians  coming  upon  the  frontier,  who  are  to  spread 
themselves  in  small  scouts  from  Brunswick  to  Saco." — Smith's  Journal,  page  64. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  19 

On  the  morning  of  that  day,  Ezra  Brown  and  Ephraim 
Winship  left  the  fort  for  the  purpose  of  laboring  on  Brown's 
lot,  which  was  about  one  mile  to  the  rear  or  northeast  of 
the  fort.     They  were  accompanied  by  a  guard  consisting  of 
four  men   and   four  boys:    the   names   of  the   men  were 
Stephen  Manchester,  Abraham  Anderson,  Joseph  Sterling 
and  John  Farrar ;  the  names-  of  the  boys  were  Timothy 
Cloudman,  Gersham  Winship,  Stephen  Tripp  and  Thomas 
Manchester.     In  going  to  Brown's  lot  they  had  to  travel 
through  a  piece  of  woods.     Brown  and  Winship  being  about 
sixty  rods  in  advance,  and  in  the  thickest  part  of  the  woods, 
were  fired  upon  by  a  body  of  fifteen  or  twenty  Indians  who 
lay  in  ambush.     The  Indians  were  of  the  Rockameecook 
tribe  (so  called),  commanded  by  Poland,  their  king.     Brown 
was  shot  dead  upon  the  spot.     Winship  received  two  balls, 
one  in  the  eye  and  another  in  the  arm,  and  fell  to  the 
ground,  when  both  were  scalped  by  the  Indians.     Upon 
hearing  the  report  of  the  guns,  part  of  the  guard,  viz.,  Joseph 
Sterling,  John  Farrar,  and  two  of  the  boys,  Stephen  Tripp 
and  Thomas  Manchester,  hastened  back  to  the  fort.     The 
residue,  Abraham  Anderson,  Stephen  Manchester  and  the 
two  lads,  Timothy  Cloudman  and  Gersham  Winship,  deter- 
mined to  pursue  the  Indians  and  avenge  the  blood  of  their 
fallen  companions,  or  perish  in  the  attempt.     Accordingly 
this  little  band  of  heroes,  cheered  by  the  voice  of  Anderson 
calling  out,  "follow  on  my  lads,"  gallantly  pressed  onward  to 
the  attack.    They  turned  to  the  right,  took  a  circuitous  route, 
and  came  upon  the  enemy  before  they  had  left  Brown  and 
Winship.     The  Indians  immediately  concealed  themselves 
behind  the  trees.    But  they  were  no  longer  to  fire  from  covert 
places  upon  men  unconscious  of  their  presence.     They  had 
now  to  deal  with  the  intrepid  descendants  of  Englishmen, — 
men  whose  presence  of  mind  never  forsook  them,  and  whose 
courage  never  faltered.     Poland,  the  Indian  chief,  who  was 
concealed  behind  a  tree,  and  who  had  previously  shot  Brown, 


20  HISTORY  OF  THE 

was  the  first  to  begin  the  bloody  combat.  He  discharged 
his  musket  at  Manchester,  but  without  taking  effect.  In 
his  eagerness  to  reload  his  piece,  the  body  of  Poland  became 
uncovered  and  exposed  to  the  view  of  Manchester,  who 
was  about  thirty  feet  on  Anderson's  right,  when  Manchester 
instantly  leveled  his  musket,  took  deadly  aim  and  fired ; 
swift,  as  lightning  the  fatal' ball  sped  its  way,  and  Poland, 
the  warrior  king  of  the  Rockameecooks,  fell  to  rise  no 
more.  The  Indians  instantly  gathered  around  their  fallen 
chieftain  and  made  the  woods  resound  with  their  infernal 
yells,  to  which  our  little  band  of  Spartans  replied  by  giving 
them  the  contents  of  their  muskets,  when  two  more  of  the 
Indians  were  killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  Indians 
finding  the  place  too  hot  for  them,  fled  from  the  scene  of 
action,  carrying  with  them  their  dead  and  wounded,  and 
leaving  behind  "  five  packs,  a  bow  and  a  bunch  of  arrows, 
and  several  other  things."* 

The  alarm  having  been  given  at  the  fort,  a  small  number 
of  armed  men  from  the  upper  garrison  house  (Mayberry's), 
together  with  Seth  Webb,  who  had  been  taken  prisoner  by 
the  Indians  in  the  previous  war,  went  in  pursuit.  At  a 
place  called  "  the  Meadows,"  between  Canada  hill  in  this 
town  and  Westbrook  line,  they  discovered  an  Indian  carrying 
a  quarter  of  beef  upon  his  shoulder.  Two  of  the  party  gave 
him  a  very  strong  invitation  to  divide  the  spoils  with  them, 
by  discharging  their  muskets  at  him ;  but  the  Indian, 
considering  a  possessory  title  paramount  to  any  other, 
continued  on  his  course,  when  Seth  Webb,  who  was  a 
celebrated  marksman,  fired  and  brought  him  to  the  ground. 
He  however  arose,  relieved  of  his  burden,  and  made  his 
escape,  but  died  of  his  wdunds  during  the  following  night, 
making  the  whole  loss  of  the  Indians  four,  in  killed  and 


*  This  engagement  with  the  Indians,  where  Poland  was  slain,  was  on  lot 
Ko.  21,  1st  division  of  hundred  acre  lots. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  21 

mortally  wounded  ;   the  mortally  wounded  died  during  the 
succeeding  night. 

The  bodies  of  Brown  and  Winship  were  carried  back 
to  the  fort,  presenting  to  the  inhabitants,  particularly  the 
wife  and  children  of  Brown,  and  the  children  of  Winship,  a 
scene  beyond  the  power  of  language  to  describe.  In  less 
than  two  hours  from  the  time  they  had  left  the  fort  in  the 
full  vigor  and  strength  of  manhood,  the  lifeless  remains  of 
one  was  brought  in,  and  the  body  of  the  other  so  shockingly 
wounded  and  mutilated  that  his  life  was  despaired  of. 

The  death  of  Poland  put  an  end  to  all  troubles  with  the 
Indians  in  this  quarter ;  they  were  never  known  to  attack 
the  settlements  in  this  or  the  adjoining  towns  after  his 
death,  although  they  continued  the  war  in  some  parts  of 
this  State  until  the  fall  of  1758.  The  inhabitants,  however, 
could  not  feel  secure  until  the  close  of  the  war  with  France, 
in  1763,  making  a  second  period  of  war  with  the  Indians 
and  French  of  nine  years.  Thus  it  will  be  seen,  that  from 
the  first  settlement  of  this  town,  in  1737,  until  1763,  a 
period  of  twenty -six  years,  fifteen  years  were  consumed  in  , 
war  with  the  Indians  and  French. 

From  the  close  of  this  war  until  the  war  of  the  Revolution, 
in  1775,  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  were  exempted  from 
the  calamities  of  war, — the  weapons  of  death  were  laid 
aside  for  the  implements  of  husbandry.  The  people  again 
cheerfully  applied  themselves  to  cultivating  their  lands,  to 
recover  their  farms  from  the  dilapidated  condition  into 
which  they  had  fallen  in  consequence  of  the  neglect  and 
ravages  occasioned  by  war. 

April  26,  1759,  there  were  twenty-nine  of  the  home  lots 
settled,  and  some  land  had  been  cleared  on  all  the  others 
except  No.  4;  after  this  several  other  families  moved  in 
and  commenced  the  first  settlement  on  the  hundred  acre 
lots,  and  such  was  the  promising  condition  of  the  township 
that  it  was  incorporated  by  its  present  name  of  Windham, 


22  HISTORY  OF  THE 

June  12,  1762.  Windham  was  the  sixteenth  town  incor- 
porated in  this  State. 

The  name  of  Windham  given  to  this  town,  like  the  names 
of  most  of  the  old  towns,  is  of  English  origin.  It  was  so 
named  for  Windham,  formerly  Wymondham,  a  town  in  the 
county  of  Norfolk,  England,  containing,  in  1820,  a  popula- 
tion of  4,023.  There  are  also  seven  other  towns  and  two 
counties  by  the  name  of  Windham  in  the  United  States. 
The  aggregate  population  in  towns  and  counties  by  the 
name  of  Windham,  in  1820,  amounted  to  70,000,  and  at  the 
present  time  it  probably  amounts  to  100,000. 

The  first  settlement  in  this  town  was  in  1737,  245  years 
from  the  first  discovery  of  America  by  Columbus,  117  from 
the  first  settlement  in  New  England  (Plymouth),  and  107 
from  the  first  settlement  in  Maine  (York). 

•  The  town,  at  the  time  of  its  incorporation,  contained  thirty- 
nine  families ;  the  precise  number  of  inhabitants  at  that  time 
is  not  known ;  however,  in  1764,  two  years  after,  it  was 
estimated  to  contain  250  inhabitants.  Until  1760  all  the 
settlements  in  this  town  had  been  confined  to  the  "  home 
lots." 

Immediately  after  the  incorporation  of  the  town,  agree- 
ably to  encouragement  from  the  proprietors  and  inhabitants 
of  the  town,  Peter  Thatcher  Smith  was  ordained  Pastor 
over  the  church  and  parish  of  this  town,  Sept'.  22,  1762. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  proprietors,  Aug.  23,  1764,  "Voted, 
That  the  sum  of  £19,  19s.  9£d.  (being  half  the  charge  of 
the  ordination  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Smith),  be  paid  out  of  the 
proprietors'  treasury,  for  that  use,  to  such  persons  that 
made  the  advancement  of  the  whole  sum." 

The  following  account  of  the  ordination  is  taken  from  the 
Journal  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Smith,  of  Falmouth,  (now 
Portland).  "Sept.  22d,  an  ordination  at  Windham,  a  pro- 
digious concourse  of  people,  a  great  and  admired  solemnity. 
Mr.  Morrill  began  with  prayer,  Mr.  Laugdon  preached,  I 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  23 

gave  the  charge,  Mr.  Loring  gave  the  right  hand  of  fellow- 
ship, Mr.  Elvin  preached.  It  was  thought  by  all  to  be  the 
most  finishing  solemnity  of  the  kind  ever  known."  S"o  it 
seems  our  ancestors,  among  their  numerous  other  virtues, 
possessed  the  rare  faculty  of  "  doing  up "  ordinations  in 
good  style. 

From  the  close  of  the  French  war  until  the  war  of  the 
Revolution,  a  term  of  twelve  years,  but  little  occurred  to 
interrupt  the  prosperity  of  the  inhabitants.  Two  events, 
however,  occurred,  which  it  may  not  be  improper  to  notice. 
The  first  was  a  violent  hurricane  on  the  31st  of  July,  1767. 
It  commenced  near  Sebago  Pond,  todk  an  easterly  direction, 
passing  through  the  northeast  corner  of  Gorham,  crossed 
the  Presumpscot  at  Loveitt's  Falls,  passed  through  the 
middle  of  Windham,  directly  over  the  Duck  Pond,  through 
the  north  part  of  Falmouth,  and  the  south  part  of  North 
Yarmouth  to  the  sea.  It  appears  to  have  been  most  violent 
in  the  town  of  Falmouth.  It  unroofed  the-  house  of  Mr. 
Purington,  situated  near  the  Duck  pond,  and  prostrated 
every  tree  in  its  way  except  a  few  sturdy  oaks — but  abated 
in  some  measure  after  it  entered  North  Yarmouth,  so  as  not 
to  do  much  damage  in  that  town.  It  extended  in  breadth 
about  three-fourths  of  a  mile.  The  second  was  a  destruct- 
ive fire  in  1775.  It  commenced  at  Gambo  Falls  on  the 
Presumpscot,  and  passed  through  the  town  in  the  same 
direction,  and  following  the  course  of  the  hurricane.  This 
fire  did  considerable  damage.  It  consumed  seven  dwelling 
houses  and  their  contents,  with  other  buildings.  By  this 
calamity,  seven  families  were  burnt  out,  four  near  where 
the  fourth  Congregational  meeting  house  stood,  and  three 
at  Gambo  Falls. 

The  first  town  meeting  after  the  incorporation  of  the 
town,  was  held  by  virtue  of  a  warrant  from  the  Hon. 
Stephen  Longfellow,  at  the  old  fort  in  Windham,  July  5, 
1762.  Abraham  Anderson  was  chosen  Moderator,  Thomas 


24  HISTOBY  OF  THE 

Chute,  Town  Clerk,  Caleb  Graffara,  Thomas  Mayberry  and 
John  Farrar,  Selectmen,  and  Abraham  Anderson,  Town 
Treasurer.  From  this  time  until  the  war  of  the  Revolution, 
the  population  of  the  town  was  considerably  augmented  by 
emigration.  The  town  was  now  fast  settling  and  in  a  flour- 
ishing condition,  and  continued  so  until  the  war  of  1775. 

The  war  of  the  Revolution  had  its  origin  in  a  struggle 
for  the  exercise  of  unconstitutional  power  on  the  part  of 
Great  Britain,  and  a  firm  determination  on  the  part  of  the 
Colonies  to  resist  the  exercise  of  such  illegal  authority. 
The  Parliament  of  Great  Britain  contended  that  they  had 
the  right  to  bind  the  Colonies  in  all  cases  whatever,  without 
their  consent.  In  conformity  with  these  pretensions,  Par- 
liament passed  an  act  June  29,  1767,  imposing  a  duty,  to 
be  paid  by  the  Colonies  on  all  paper,  glass,  painter's  colors, 
and  teas  imported  into  the  Colonies.  The  king  of  Great 
Britain  was  also  authorized  to  appoint  revenue  officers  to 
enforce  and  collect  the  dues.  These  measures  the  Colonies 
pronounced  oppressive  and  unconstitutional.  They  con- 
tended that,  having  no  representation  in  Parliament,  Parlia- 
ment had  no  right  to  tax  them  without  their  consent.  That 
taxation  and  representation  were  inseparable,  and  that  this 
principle  was  recognized  by  the  fundmental  laws  of  the 
British  Empire.  Indeed,  this  was  the  main  pivot  on  which 
the  whole  controversy  between  the  Colonies  and  the  mother 
country  turned. 

During  that  long  and  arduous  struggle  which  ensued 
between  Great  Britain  and  her  American  Colonies,  and 
which  ultimately  terminated  in  the  independence  of  the 
latter,  the  town  of  Windham  entered  warmly  and  zealously 
into  the  contest.  From  the  commencement  to  the  termina- 
tion of  the  war,  this  town  contributed  more  than  her  full 
quota  of  men  and  money. 

Feb.  16,  1773,  a  town  meeting  was  held  at  the  meeting 
house,  "  To  choose  a  committee  to  act  on  any  thing  the 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  25 

town  may  think  proper,  in  answer  to  the  letter  of  corre- 
spondence sent  by  the  town  of  Boston  to  this  town, 
concerning  the  infringements  which  are  made  upon  the 
rights  and  privileges  that  we  ought  to  enjoy,  and  to  do  any 
thing  that  the  town  may  think  proper  in  answer  to  said  let- 
ter." Capt.  Caleb  Graffam  was  chosen  Moderator,  Thomas 
Mayberry,  Richard  Mayberry,  Z.  Hunnewell,  Caleb  Graffam, 
Thomas  Trott,  William  Knights  and  Hugh  Crague  were 
chosen  a  committee  to  make  answer  to  the  letter  of  corre- 
spondence from  the  town  of  Boston.  The  meeting  was 
then  adjourned  to  the  25th  day  of  the  month,  to  hear  the 
report  of  the  committee."  At  the  adjourned  meeting,  the 
committee  reported  the  following  preamble  and  resolutions, 
which  were  read,  accepted,  and  ordered  to  be  recorded  in 
the  Town  Clerk's  book. 

"  To  the  worthy  gentlemen  who  are  the  committee  of  correspond- 
ence for  the  town  of  Boston: 

"  GENTLEMEN  :  We  who  are  the  committee  for  the  town 
of  Windham,  have  considered  of  your  pamphlet  which  you 
sent  to  this  town,  and  we  report  as  follows :  We  understand 
that  many  towns  older  and  much  more  capable  of  judging 
of  affairs  than  we  are,  have  fully  investigated  the  subject ; 
therefore  we  think  it  needless  for  us  to  be  very  particular  in 
the  affair.  But  we  fully  agree  with  you,  gentlemen,  in 
your  sentiments  concerning  the  liberties  and  privileges  which 
we  ought  to  enjoy,  and  the  infringements  which  are  made 
on  the  same.  We,  the  people  of  Windham,  have  suffered 
much  by  the  Indians,  and  did  expect  no  other  from  them  if 
we  fell  into  their  hands.  But  little  did  we  think  that 
unconstitutional  and  unbearable  measures  would  be  taken 
by  those  whom  we  depended  upon  to  protect  and  defend 
our  interests  and  privileges,  both  civil  and  sacred,  even  to 
bring  us  and  our  posterity  into  the  greatest  bondage,  slavery, 
and  misery  that  people  can  well  be  under,  even  equal  to  or 
greater  than  the  Egyptian  bondage.  Therefore- 


26  HISTORY  OF  THE 

"  Resolved,  That  we  declare  ourselves  to  be  true  and  legal 
subjects  to  our  king,  and  are  ready  to  do  our  utmost  when- 
ever we  are  called  to  defend  his  royal  person  and  interest. 

"  Resolved,  That  we  look  upon  it  our  duty  as  well  as 
interest,  both  for  ourselves  and  posterity,  to  stand  up  in 
the  defense  of  those  privileges  and  liberties  that  our  goodly 
forefathers  purchased  for  us  at  so  dear  a  rate  as  the  expense 
of  their  own  blood,  and  that  we  used  formerly  and  still 
ought  to  enjoy. 

"Resolved,  That  the  town  of  Windham  returns  humble 
and  hearty  thanks  to  the  town  of  Boston  for  the  care  and 
regard  that  they  discover  for  us  and  the  whole  province. 

"Resolved,  That  the  foregoing  resolves  and  proceedings 
be  registered  in  the  Town  Clerk's  office,  that  the  rising 
generation  may  see  what  care  their  forefathers  have  taken 
to  defend  their  liberties  and  privileges,  that  they  may  take 
the  like  care  if  they  are  called  to  it  as  we  are." 

In  January,  1774,  a  further  communication  was  received 
from  the  town  of  Boston  relative  to  public  affairs.  A  town 
meeting  was  held  Jan.  24,  1774,  "  to  see  what  the  town 
think  proper  to  do  relating  to  the  late  papers  from  Boston." 
At  this  meeting  it  was  "  Voted,  That  the  committee  of  cor- 
respondence for  this  town,  send  to  the  committee  of  corre- 
spondence for  the  town  of  Boston,  their  sentiments  relating 
to  our  public  affairs."  Which  the  committee  accordingly 
did,  expressing,  in  bold  and  energetic  language,  their  deter- 
mination to  adhere  to  and  support  their  brethren  in  every 
measure  touching  the  rights  and  liberties  of  the  country. 
And  at  a  subsequent  meeting,  Feb.  14,  1774,  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  committee  were  sanctioned  and  accepted  by  the 
town. 

Aug.  30,  1774,  a  meeting  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
town  of  Falmouth  was  held,  at  which  Jedediah  Preble, 
Enoch  Freeman,  Stephen  Longfellow,  Enoch  Ilsley  and 
Samuel  Freeman  were  chosen  a  "  committee  to  meet  com- 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  27 

mittees  from  the  several  towns  in  this  county,  to  consider 
what  measures  it  will  be  expedient  to  adopt  for  the  general 
interest  of  the  county,  in  the  present  alarming  situation  of 
our  public  affairs ;  and  that  the  said  committee  write  to  the 
said  towns,  acquainting  them  ^with  this  vote,  and  appoint 
the  time  and  place  of  meeting." 

Agreeably  to  this  vote,  a  convention  of  delegates  from 
nine  towns  in  this  county,  assembled  at  Falmouth,  now 
Portland,  Sept.  21,  1774.  The  town  of  Windham  was 
represented  in  this  convention  by  Zerubbabel  Hunnewell, 
Thomas  Trott  and  David  Barker.  In  this  convention  the 
Cumberland  County  Resolves  were  passed,  which  are  proba- 
bly the  ablest  exposition  of  public  affairs,  at  that  time,  now 
extant.  In  point  of  clearness,  ability,  and  sound  reasoning, 
they  will  not  suffer  in  comparison  with  any  of  the  productions 
of  that  day. 

"  9th.  As  the  very  extraordinary  and  alarming  Act  for 
establishing  the  Roman  Catholic  religion  and  French  laws 
in  Canada,  may  introduce  the  French  and  Indians  into  our 
frontier  towns,  we  recommend  that  every  town  and  individual 
in  this  county  should  be  provided  with  a  proper  stock  of 
military  stores,  according  to  our  province  law,  and  that 
some  patriotic  military  officers  be  chosen  in  each  town,  to 
exercise  their  several  companies,  and  make  them  perfect  in 
the  military  art." 

Agreeably  to  the  recommendation  of  the  county  conven- 
tion, a  town  meeting  was  notified  and  held  at  the  block 
house  (fort),  Nov.  7,  1774,  "  To  choose  three  officers  to 
teach  those  who  are  so  inclined,  in  the  military  art."  At 
this  meeting,  Richard  Mayberry  was  chosen  Captain,  David 
Barker  Lieutenant  and  Edward  Anderson,  Ensign,  and  at  the 
annual  town  meeting  in  March,  1775,  it  was  "  Voted,  That 
William  Knights  be  Captain  for  the  militia  for  this  town. 
Voted,  that  David  Barker  be  Lieutenant.  Voted,  That  Richard 
Dole  be  Ensign." 


28  HISTORY  OF  THE 

At  a  town  meeting,  March  15, 1775,  "  Voted,  twenty-seven 
pounds  to  'be  raised  as  soon  as  possible,  to  provide  a  town 
stock  of  ammunition."  "  Voted,  To  choose  a  man  to  fix  up 
the  great  gun  and  swivels."  '•'•Voted,  That  Capt.  Caleb 
Graffam  be  the  man  to  fix  up  the  great  gun  and  swivels  as 
soon  as  possible." 

Although  the  ordinance  department  of  Windham  was  not 
quite  equal  in  magnitude,  to  that  which  accompanied  the 
army  of  Napoleon  in  his  invasion  of  Russia,  yet  it  was  their 
all,  and  they  were  determined  to  bring  all  their  artillery 
into  the  field. 

So  far  had  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  proceeded  in 
anticipation  of  a  war  with  England.  Although  for  several 
years  past,  events  had  been  ripening  which  could  not  fail  of 
producing  an  explosion,  the  fatal  blow  had  not  yet  been 
struck.  It  was,  however,  near  at  hand.  Events  were  now 
rapidly  approaching  to  a  crisis.  On  the  19th  of  April,  1775, 
the  dark  and  portentous  cloud  of  war,  which  had  long  been 
gathering,  burst  upon  the  devoted  colonies.  On  that  day, 
the  British  troops  at  Lexington,  Mass.,  fired  upon,  killed 
eight  of  the  Americans,  and  wounded  several  others.  This 
was  the  first  blood  spilt  during  the  Revolutionary  war. 
The  soil  of  Lexington  was  moistened  and  consecrated  by 
the  blood  of  the  first  martyrs  of  liberty.  The  ever  memorable 
battle  of  Lexington  opened  the  long  and  bloody  drama  that 
ensued  between  Great  Britian  and  her  American  colonies, 
and  lighted  up  the  flames  of  war,  which  continued  for  the 
period  of  eight  years,  during  which  they  consumed  every 
vestige  of  British  authority,  and  were  extinguished  only  by 
Great  Britain's  acknowledging  the  thirteen  United  Colonies 
to  be  free,  sovereign  and  independent  States. 

Every  mild  and  constitutional  measure  had  been  exhausted 
in  vain.  Petitions,  expressed  in  the  ablest  manner,  and  in 
language  the  most  respectful,  were  unheeded.  The  Throne 
and  Parliament  were  deaf  to  the  voice  of  justice  and  reason  ; 


TOWN  OF  WTNDHAM.  29 

and  no  alternative  was  left  but  an  unconditional  surrender 
of  those  rights  which  the  colonies  held  dearer  than  life — or 
an  appeal  to  arms.  Our  fathers,  appealing  to  heaven  for 
the  sincerity  of  their  intentions  and  the  justness  of  their 
cause,  chose  the  latter  alternative,  regardless  of  the  con- 
sequences. 

From  this  time  to  the  close  of  the  war,  the  calls  upon 
this  town  for  men,  money,  clothing  and  provisions,  were 
incessant.  Some  idea  may  be  formed  of  the  number  and 
magnitude  of  the  requisitions  made  by  the  State,  and  the 
amount  of  money  expended  by  this  town,  from  the  follow- 
ing brief  but  imperfect  summary  of  a  part  of  the  men, 
money,  provisions  and  clothing  furnished  by  the  town. 

1775,  7  men  in  the  State  service  at  Cambridge,  for  8 
months;  4  men  in  the  State  service  at  Falmouth,  for  8 
months ;  6  men  in  the  State  service  at  Cambridge,  for  2 
months. 

1776,  13  men  in  the  State  service  at  Peekskill,  for  3 
months ;  9  men  in  the  State  service  at  Dorchester,  for  4 
months ;  4  men  in  the1  State  service  at  Rhode  Island,  for  4 
months ;  6  men  in  the  State  service,  for  12  months. 

1777,  3  men  in  the  State  service  at  Rutland,  Vt.     Feb. 
21,  State  tax,  £97,  5,  4. 

1778,  April  14,  "  Voted  .£150,  to  provide  shirts,  stockings, 
and  shoes  for  the  army."     "  Voted,  That  £20  be  raised  to 
support  the  soldiers'  wives.     May  15th,  3  men  drafted  into 
the  State  service  at  Peekskill.     £600  voted  by  the  town 
for  the  same.     May  25th,  2  men  drafted  into  the  State 
service.     £88  voted  by  the  town  for  the  same. 

1779,  Jan.  12,  "  Voted  £80  for  the  support  of  the  women 
whose  husbands  are  in  the  army.     May  24th,  "  Voted  £300 
for  the  support  of  the  women  whose  husbands  are  in  the 
Continental  service."     June  21st,  13  shirts,  13  prs.  shoes 
and  stockings  for  the  army.     July  9th,  16  men  drafted  into 
the  service  at  Penobscot,  for  tw  >  months.     £960  voted  for 


30  HISTORY  OF  THE 

the  same.  Sept.  10th,  10  men  drafted  into  the  service  at 
Falmouth  for  2  months.  Sept.  20th,  £300  voted  for  the 
same  by  the  town. 

1780,  11  men  in  the  service  at  Camden,  for  8  months. 
Sept.  25th,  2760  Ibs.  beef  for  the  army.     Dec.  4th,  5011  Ibs. 
beef  for  the  army.     State  tax   £6090.     Nov.    29,  6  men 
furnished  the  Continental  for  three  years. 

1781,  Jan.  16,  "Voted  2280  dollars,  silver  money,  for 
the  soldiers  who  are  to   go  into  the  army  for  3  years." 
State  tax  £394,  6s.     June  22d,  9  shirts,  9  pr.  shoes  and 
stockings,  and  four  blankets  for  the  army.     July  14th,  £60 
voted  by  the  town  to  procure  beef  for  the  army.     July,  4 
men  for  the  Continental  army  for  3  years.     Nov.  8th,  State 
tax  £555. 

1782,  March  1,  3  men  for  the   Continental  army  for  3 
years.     May  31st,  "  Voted  £173  to  pay  the  soldiers." 

In  addition  to  the  above,  there  was  a  considerable  number 
of  men  belonging  to  this  town  who  enlisted  into  the  service, 
several  of  whom  served  nearly  the  whole  of  the  war ;  to 
which  may  be  added  those  in  this  town  belonging  to  Capt. 
Mayberry's  company.  In  November,  1776,  Capt.  Richard 
Mayberry,  of  this  town,  enlisted  a  company  of  64,  including 
officers  and  privates,  into  the  Continental  service  for  3  years. 

The  captain  of  this  company  and  eleven  of  the  members 
belonged  to  this  town.  This  was  the  fifth  company  in  the 
eleventh  regiment  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  Forces.  This 
company  was  in  the  left  wing  of  the  army  commanded  by 
General  Gates,  in  the  memorable  campaign  of  1777,  and 
shared,  in  common  with  their  brethren  in  arms,  in  all  the 
hardships  and  dangers  of  that  campaign,  which  terminated  so 
gloriously  in  the  capture  of  Gen.  Burgoyne  and  his  army  at 
Saratoga,  Oct.  17,  1777.  They  were  in  the  battle  of 
Monmouth,  June  28,  1778,  in  which  they  suffered  severely, 
and  also  in  the  engagement  at  Hubbardstown.  We  may  judge 
of  the  efforts  put  forth  by  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  during 


TOWN  OF  WESTDHAM.  31 

the  revolutionary  war,  from  the  facts  that  there  was  but 
one  military  company  in  town  during  the  war ;  that  the 
number  of  men  enrolled  at  any  time  did  not  amount  to  fifty- 
five,  of  whom  more  than  thirty  were  known  to  be  out  in 
the  continental  service  and  service  of  the  State  at  one  time, 
and  during  the  war  seventy-one  men  performed  service  in 
the  continental  army  and  drafted  militia,  being  sixteen  more 
than  the  number  enrolled  at  any  time,  forty  of  whom  served 
three  years  in  the  army ;  that  this  town,  small  in  numbers, 
poor  in  point  of  pecuniary  means,  in  one  of  the  darkest 
periods  of  the  revolution,  voted  2,280  dollars  in  silver 
money,  to  support  the  war,  are  facts  which  will  forever 
stand  forth  as  living  mementoes  of  the  devotion  and  attach- 
ment of  this  town  to  the  cause  of  civil  liberty. 

The  sufferings  of  the  armies  and  people  of  the  United 
States  during  the  war  of  the  revolution  surpass  description. 
The  armies  suffered  by  the  attacks  of  the  enemy,  by  cold, 
by  heat,  by  hunger,  by  disease,  and  by  all  the  privations  and 
hardships  incident  to  war.  At  one  time  there  were  but  two 
pair  of  shoes  in  Capt.  Mayberry's  company,  which  belonged 
to  Josiah  Chute,  the  grandson  of  Thomas  Chute,  the  first 
settler  of  this  town.  He  was  sergeant  of  the  company,  and 
was  wounded  by  a  musket  shot  in  the  battle  of  Hubbards- 
town.  Inded,  it  was  not  uncommon  to  track  the  march  of 
the  American  armies  by  the  blood  from  their  lacerated  feet. 

"  At  the  battle  of  the  Eutaw  Springs,  Gen.  Green  says, 
that  '  hundreds  of  my  men  were  naked  as  they  were  born.' 
Posterity  will  scarcely  believe  that  the  bare  loins  of  many 
brave  men  who  carried  death  into  the  enemy's  ranks  at  the 
Eutaw,  were  galled  by  their  cartridge  boxes,  while  a  folded 
rag  or  a  tuft  of  moss  protected  the  shoulders  from  sustaining 
the  same  injury  from  the  musket.  Men  of  other  times  will 
inquire  by  what  magic  was  the  army  kept  together  ?  By 
what  supernatural  power  was  it  made  to  fight  ?" 


32  HISTORY  OF  THE 

Gen.  Green,  in  his  letters  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  says : 
"  We  have  three  hundred  men  without  arms,  and  more 
than  one  thousand  so  naked  that  they  can  be  put  on  duty 
only  in  cases  of  a  desperate  nature."  Again  he  says : 
"  Our  difficulties  are  so  numerous,  and  our  wants  so  pressing, 
that  I  have  not  a  moment's  relief  from  the  most  painful 
anxieties.  I  have  more  embarrassments  than  it  is  proper  to 
disclose  to  the  world.  Let  it  suffice  to  say  that  this  part  of 
the  United  States  has  had  a  narrow  escape.  I  have  been 
seven  months  in  the  field  without  taking  off  my  clothes." 

Gen.  Washington,  in  his  letters  to  Congress,  in  1777, 
says :  "  Soap,  vinegar  and  other  articles  allowed  by  Congress, 
we  see  none  of,  nor  have  we  seen  them,  I  believe,  since  the 
battle  of  Brandywine.  The  first,  indeed,  we  have  little 
occasion  for,  few  men  having  more  than  one  shirt ;  many 
only  the  moiety  of  one  ;  some  none  at  all.  In  addition  to 
which,  as  a  farther  proof  of  the  inability  of  an  army  under 
the  circumstances  of  this,  to  perform  the  common  duties  of 
soldiers,  we  have  by  a  field  return  this  day  made,  besides  a 
number  of  men  confined  to  hospitals  for  want  of  shoes,  and 
others  in  farmers'  houses  on  the  same  account,  no  less  than 
two  thousand,  eight  hundred  and  ninety-eight  men  now  in 
camp,  unfit  for  duty,  because  they  are  barefoot  and  otherwise 
naked." 

Nor  were  the  calamities  of  the  war  confined  to  the  armies. 
The  people  of  the  United  States  were  beset  at  all  points 
with  enemies,  external  and  internal.  They  had  not  only 
to  contend  against  the  whole  power  of  Great  Britain  and 
her  foreign  mercenaries,  against  the  savage  hordes  employed 
by  Great  Britain,  "  whose  known  rule  of  warfare  is  an  un- 
distinguished destruction  of  all  ages,  sexes  and  conditions," 
but  also  against  domestic  enemies  more  treacherous  than 
the  savage.  Towns  were  wrapt  in  flames,  hundreds  of 
families  turned  houseless  into  the  streets,  and  reduced 
from  affluent  circumstances  to  abject  poverty.  In  short, 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  33 

the  people  of  the  United  States  passed  through  every  calam- 
ity and  every  species  of  suffering  attendant  upon  war. 
Well  might  they  say  these  were  times  that  "  tried  men's 
souls."  But  amidst  all  their  sufferings  they  never  despaired 
of  success.  Trusting  in  the  justness  of  their  cause,  they 
pressed  forward  with  unabated  ardor,  until  their  efforts  were- 
crowned  with  complete  success. 

In  the  second  year  of  the  war,  July  4,  1776,  the  Colonial1 
Congress  declared  the  thirteen  united  colonies  to  be  free, 
sovereign,  and  independent  States,  and  pledged  their  lives, 
fortunes,  and  sacred  honor  to  support  it.  This  declaration 
they  made  good  to  the  very  letter  in  all  its  length  and 
breadth,  and  subsequently  compelled  the  gigantic  power  of 
Great  Britain,  by  the  treaty  of  1783,  to  sanction  and 
acknowledge  it.  Thus  terminated  the  long  and  arduous 
struggle  between  Great  Britain  and  her  American  Colonies. 

It  has  been  stated  that  Great  Britain  in  this  war  lost  of 
her  own  subjects  and  mercenaries  100,000  lives,  and  added 
to  her  national  debt  .£120,000,000  sterling,  winning  nothing 
but  an  inglorious  defeat.  The  United  States  established 
their  National  Independence,  at  an  immense  sacrifice  of 
blood  and  treasure,  losing,  probably,  more  than  50,000  brave 
men  and  expended  $135,193, 703,  besides  individual  expendi- 
tures and  damages  to  an  untold  amount. 

"  The  loss  of  men  to.  Massachusetts,  in  the  field,  in  the 
camp,  and  in  prison  ships,  has  been  estimated  at  a  number 
between  eight  and  nine  thousand.  Her  own  debt  incurred 
was  about  five  millions  of  dollars  in  specie  value,  besides  her 
proportion  of  the  national  debt,  which  was  estimated  to  be 
as  much  more.  The  quota  to  Maine  of  these  and  all  other 
public  burthens  was  one-tenth.  The  men  belonging  to 
Maine,  who  fell  during  the  war,  must  have  exceeded  a 
thousand." 


34  HISTORY  OF  THE 

WAR  WITH  TRIPOLI. 

This  war  commenced  in  1801.  Tripoli,  one  of  the  pirat- 
ical powers  of  the  north  of  Africa,  with  Morocco  and 
Algiers,  commenced  a  system  of  robbery  upon  all  vessels 
trading  up  the  Mediterranean  Sea.  They  enforced  these 
demands  by  capturing  the  ships  and  imprisoning  their  crews 
if  they  refused  to  comply.  This  was  a  naval  war  of  short 
duration.  The  government  dispatched  a  squadron  under 
the  command  of  Commodore  Preble,  who  captured  their 
vessels,  bombarded  their  town,  and  made  them  deliver  up 
all  American  prisoners,  and  compelled  them  to  relinquish 
demanding  tribute  from  American  or  any  other  vessels. 
Windham  had  no  men  engaged  in  this  war. 

March  10,  1805,  Congress  passed  a  vote  of  thanks  to 
Commodore  Edward  Preble,  his  officers  and  seamen  for 
their  gallantry  in  the  several  attacks  on  Tripoli  in  1804,  and 
requested  the  President  "to  cause  a  gold  medal  to  be  struck, 
emblematical  of  the  attacks  on  the  town  batteries  and  naval 
forces  of  Tripoli,  by  the  squadron  under  Commodore  Preble's 
command,  in  such  manner  as  will  in  his  opinion  be  most 
honorable  to  him." 

In  pursuance  of  this  resolve,  President  Jefferson  caused 
the  medal  to  be  prepared,  and  officially  presented  it  to  the 
gallant  Commodore.  The  medal  was  two  and  one-half 
inches  in  diameter  and  one-eighth  of  an  inch  thick.  On  the 
obverse  side  a  fine  and  distinctly  marked  portrait  of  Com- 
modore Preble  in  full  naval  dress,  surrounded  by  the 
inscription  "  The  American  Congress  to  Edward  Preble,  the 
vigorous  Commodore."  On  the  reverse  side  is  a  view  of 
the  fortifications  of  Tripoli,  with  the  American  fleet  before 
them  in  full  attack,  surrounded  by  the  inscription  "  The 
avenger  of  American  commerce." 

WAR  WITH  ENGLAND. 

This  war  was  declared  June  18,  1812,  and  terminated  by 


TOWN  OP  WINDHAM.  35 

treaty  at  Ghent,  December  24,  1814.  The  United  States 
set  forth  the  following  aggressions  as  the  the  cause  of  this 
war. 

"  Firstly.  For  impressing  American  citizens  while  sailing 
on  the  seas,  the  highway  of  nations.  Dragging  them  on 
board  their  ships  of  war  and  forcing  them  to  serve  against 
nations  in  amity  with  the  United  States,  and  even  to  partici- 
pate in  aggressions  on  the  rights  of  their  fellow  citizens 
when  not  on  the  high  seas. 

"  Secondly.  Violating  the  rights  and  peace  of  our  coasts 
and  harbors,  harassing  our  departing  commerce,  and  wan- 
tonly spilling  American  blood  within  our  territorial  juris- 
diction. 

"  Thirdly.  Plundering  our  commerce  on  every  sea  under 
pretended  blockades,  not  of  harbors,  posts  or  places,  invested 
by  adequate  force. 

"  Fourthly.  Committing  numberless  spoliations  on  our 
ships  and  commerce,  under  her  orders  in  council,  of  various 
dates. 

"Fifthly.  Employing  secret  agents  within  the  United 
States,  with  a  view  to  subvert  our  government  and  dismem- 
ber our  union. 

"  Sixthly.  Encouraging  the  Indian  tribes  to  make  war 
on  the  people  of  the  United  States." 

The  contest  on  the  land  was  continued  with  various 
success  on  both  sides,  until  the  battle  at  New  Orleans, 
January  8,  1815.  In  this  battle,  Sir  Edward  Packenham, 
Commander-in-Chief,  was  killed,  and  his  army,  composed  of 
the  elite  of  Wellington's  veteran  army,  was  defeated  with  one 
of  the  most  disastrous  defeats  ever  known  in  history,  by 
undisciplined  militia,  commanded  by  General  Andrew 
Jackson,  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  United  States  army. 
British  loss,  two  hundred  and  ninety-three  killed,  twelve 
hundred  and  sixty-seven  wounded,  and  eighty-four  missing 


85  HISTOEY  OF  THE 

or  prisoners.     American  loss,   thirteen  killed,  thirty-nine 
wounded,  and  nineteen  missing. 

In  this  war  the  little  navy  of  the  United  States  won  a 
series  of  victories  on  the  ocean  and  the  lakes  that  has  con- 
signed England's  proud  boast,  "  Britannia  rules  the  waves," 
to  the  receptacle  of  all  things  lost  upon  earth. 

In  this  war  Windham  was  not  called  upon  to  furnish  any 
men  for  the  United  States  armies.  The  men  for  that  were 
raised  by  voluntary  enlistment.  Windham  had  but  little  to 
do  in  this  war.  Several  small  detachments  of  militia  were 
made  by  order  of  the  Governor  of  Massachusetts  for  short 
terms,  for  the  defense  of  Portland  and  vicinity.  Near  the 
close  of  the  war  one  company  of  militia  was  detached, 
commanded  by  Capt.  Nathan  Goold ;  mustered  in  at  Port- 
land, September  10,  1814 ;  mustered  out  at  Portland, 
September  24,  1814,  as  per  roll.  As  the  detachments  were 
for  very  short  terms,  and  never  under  fire,  no  casualties  are 
known  to  have  occurred. 


KOLL  OF  THE  COMPANY  OF  DETACHED  MILITIA  UNDER 
CAPTAIN  NATHAN  GOOLD. 

NATHAN  GOOLD,  Captain. 
NOAH  J.  SENTER,  Lieutenant.  WILLIAM  LEGROW,  Ensign. 

SERGEANTS. 

Elias  Baker,  John  Crague,  Jr., 

Nathaniel  Knight,  John  Brown. 

CORPORALS. 

Isaac  Powers,  Ezra  Anderson, 

Benjamin  Baker,  Elijah  Long. 

Levi  Morrill,  Fifer. 

BANK  AND  FILE. 

Frances  Jackson,  Benjamin  Morrill,  Peter  Knight, 

Samuel  Hamblen,  Oliver  Mabury,  John  Lunt, 

Abraham  Anderson,  Jr.,   James  Crague,  Samuel  Bolton, 

Philip  Cobb,  Daniel  Waterhouse,  Daniel  Bolton, 

Francis  Mubury,  William  Hearsey,  Roger  Jordan,  Jr., 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM. 


37 


David  Proctor, 
Thomas  Stevens, 
Benjamin  Davis, 
Josiah  Crague, 
Timothy  Haines, 
Daniel  Knight, 
Richard  Lamb, 
Joshua  Rogers, 
James  Lombard, 
Jonah  Austin,  Jr., 
Benjamin  Jordan, 
Caleb  Graffam, 
John  Bodge, 
Joseph  Crockett, 
John  French, 
Jonathan  Freeman, 
John  Loveitt, 


John  Goodale,  Jr., 
Stephen  Manchester, 
Ezra  Mugford, 
Mark  Crockett, 
John  Anthoine, 
Justus  Law, 
Anthony  Brackett, 
Joseph  E.  Dolly, 
Abner  Goold, 
Thomas  Leighton, 
John  Skillins, 
Israel  Hodsdon,  Jr., 
Robert  Wier, 
Thomas  Mabury, 
Nathaniel  Hunnewell, 
John  Knight,  Jr., 


Joseph  Brown, 
William  Austin, 
Jonathan  Goold, 
William  Young, 
Aaron  Hanscomb, 
William  Withington, 
Ebenezer  Smith, 
James  Brown, 
Ephraim  Brown, 
John  Brown,  Jr., 
Robert  M.  Mabury, 
Jacob  Pettengill, 
Nathan  Hanscomb, 
Daniel  Bailey, 
William  Cobbey, 
Benjamin  Whitmore. 


VOLUNTEERS. 

WINDHAM  MEN  WHO  ENLISTED  FOR  FIVE  YEARS  OR  DURING  THE  WAR, 
AND  SERVED  IN  THE  REGULAR  ARMY. 


Jordan,  Jeremiah  Mugford,  George 

Jordan,  Thomas  Peco,  John 

Knight,  Merrill  Pettengill,  John 

Knight,  William  Winship,  Ephraim 

Knight,  Joseph  Varney,  Isaac 

Libby,  Samuel  Knight,  Daniel 

Mabury,  Joshua 

Thomas  Hardy  and  Isaac  Varney  died  in  the  service ;  Joseph  Knight  was 
severely  wounded ;  Merrill  Knight  was  killed  in  battle. 


Chadbourne,  Timothy 
Freeman,  Josiah 
Freeman,  Jonathan 
Hardy,  Thomas 
Ingersol,  William 
Ingersol,  Nathaniel 
Jordan,  James 


WAR  WITH  MEXICO. 

This  war  commenced  April  26,  1846,  and  was  terminated 
by  treaty,  February  2,  1848.  No  fortifications  or  mountain 
obstacles  could  withstand  the  valor  and  strategy  of  the 
United  States  armies.  In  less  than  two  years  they  took 
all  their  strong  holds  of  defense,  the  city  of  Vera  Cruz  and 
their  capital  City  of  Mexico.  The  annexation  of  Texas 
was  the  cause  of  this  war.  Joseph  C.  Chute,  Augustus 


38  HISTOKY  OF  THE 

Hall  and  Charles  Rand,  are  all  the  Windham  men  known 
to  have  been  in  this  war.     Charles  Rand  died  in  the  service. 

WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION. 

The  following  States  seceded  from  the  Union  and  formed 
a  confederate  government  styled  the  Confederate  States  of 
America,  over  which  Jefferson  Davis,  of  Mississippi,  was 
chosen  President,  and  Alexander  H.  Stephens,  of  Georgia, 
Vice  President. 

South  Carolina,  Dec.  20,  1860.  Texas,  March  4,  1861. 

Mississippi,  Jan.  9,  1861.  Virginia,  April  24,  1861. 

Alabama,  Jan.  11,  1861.  Arkansas,  May  6,  1861. 

Florida,  Jan.  11,  1861.  North  Carolina,  May  21,  1861. 

Georgia,  Jan.  19,  1861.  Tennessee,  June  9,  1861. 
Louisiana,  Jan.  26,  1861. 

April  12,  1861,  the  batteries  erected  by  the  rebels  fired 
upon  and  compelled  the  surrender  of  the  United  States  fort 
Sumter,  in  Charleston  harbor,  South  Carolina.  These 
overt  acts  of  rebellion  and  treason  inaugurated  the  war  of 
the  rebellion,  which  continued  until  April  10,  1865,  when 
General  Lee,  commander  of  the  rebel  armies,  surrendered 
the  fragment  of  his  oft  beaten  and  discouraged  army,  amount- 
ing to  twenty-seven  thousand  men,  to  Lieut.  General  Grant, 
commander  of  the  union  armies.  This  surrender  virtually 
closed  the  war. 

The  cause  of  this  war  may  be  traced  to  the  complex 
structure  of  the  government.  The  government  of  the  United 
States  is  a  complex  government.  Congress  makes  a  part  of 
the  laws  by  which  the  people  are  governed,  those  for 
national  purposes.  Each  State  has  a  Legislature  that  makes 
another  part  of  the  laws  by  which  the  people  are  governed, 
those  for  state  purposes.  These  powers  of  government  are 
subdivided  by  the  national  and  state  governments,  into  four 
branches,  Legislative,  Executive,  Judicial  and  Elective.  The 
national  government  was  created  by  and  derived  all  its  powers 


TOWN  OP  WINDHAM.  39 

• 

from  the  state  governments ;  and  is  a  limited  democracy 
founded  in  jealousy.  Democratic,  like  monarchial  govern- 
ments, are  of  two  kinds,  absolute  and  limited.  An  absolute 
democracy  is  that  form  of  government  where  all  the  powers 
of  government  are  exercised  by  the  people  in  their  collective 
capacity.  A  limited  democracy  is  that  form  of  government 
where  the  powers  of  government  are  defined  and  limited  by 
law.  The  elective  is  the  only  branch  in  which  the  people 
exercise  sovereignty.  The  exercise  of  sovereignty  in  the 
other  branches  is  delegated  to  persons  chosen  or  ap- 
pointed for  that  purpose.  So  intense  were  the  fears  and 
jealousy  of  the  States  that  the  national  government  would 
absorb  the  reserved  rights  of  the  States  and  become  a 
consolidated  government,  that  no  less  than  ten  amendments 
to  the  Constitution  were  proposed  at  the  first  session  of  the 
first  Congress,  and  subsequently  adopted,  to  secure  the 
reserved  rights  of  the  States.  The  division  of  the  powers 
of  government  between  the  national  and  state  governments, 
laid  the  foundation  for  the  conflict  between  democracy  and 
aristocracy.  It  required  the  people  to  serve  two  masters, 
who  are  antagonistic  to  each  other.  A  national  government, 
founded  upon  the  democratic  principle  that  all  are  entitled 
to  equal  rights,  and  the  rankest  aristocratic  state  governments 
that  ever  existed,  founded  upon  the  aristocratic  principle 
that  all  are  not  entitled  to  equal  rights.  The  sun,  the 
grand  luminary  of  Heaven,  in  all  his  brilliancy  at  noon  day, 
is  not  more  apparent  than  the  fact  that  "  no  man  can  serve 
two  masters"  such  as  these.  It  also  laid  the  foundation  for 
the  conflict  relative  to  the  right  of  jurisdiction,  and  originated 
a  political  doctrine  called  "  State  rights,"  which  asserts  that 
the  States  have  a  legal  right  to  secede  from  and  dissolve  the 
Union,  thereby  making  the  Union  a  rope  of  sand,  in  other 
words  a  solecism ;  a  government  without  power  to  govern. 
This  right  the  rebel  States  attempted  to  enforce  by  an  appeal 
to  arms.  The  result  has  been  a  civil  war,  the  worst  of  all 


40  HISTORY  OF  THE 

• 

wars.  A  war  that  is  estimated  to  have  cost  the  nation  half 
a  million  of  lives,  and  from  eight  to  nine  billions  of  dollars 
in  expenditures  and  loss  of  property. 

This  was  not  a  rebellion  of  individuals  acting  in  their 
individual  capacity ;  it  was  a  rebellion  of  states  acting  by 
State  authority ;  a  war  between  distinct  governments. 
Every  rebel  State  seceded  and  waged  war  against  the 
national  government  by  State  authority.  This  authority 
clothed  the  rebellion  with  an  immense  power  it  could  not 
have  possessed  without  it. 

In  this  war,  England  was  the  covert  ally  of  the  rebels, 
affording  them  all  the  aid  she  could  without  a  declaration 
of  war.  The  United  States,  notwithstanding  this  alliance, 
gave  slavery  its  mortal  wound,  and  came  out  of  the  war 
triumphant  over  all  their  enemies. 

WINDHAM  MEN  IN  THE  ARMY. 

FIRST  REGIMENT,  MAINE  VOLUNTEERS THREE  MONTHS  MEN. 

Co. 

Albert  Lowell,  C.        Deceased. 

Isaac  R.  Whitney,  " 

Benjamin  F.  Whitney,  " 

William  H.  Brown,  D. 

Amos  H.  Hanson,  I. 

Mark  S.  Varney,  " 

THIRD  REGIMENT. 

John  Pettengill,  H.  Leon  Doplais,  A. 

James  Murphy,  A.  Walter  Wells,  " 

FOURTH   REGIMENT. 

Seth  C.  Hunkins,  Surgeon;  prisoner  at  Bull  Run;  exchanged. 

George  Johnson,  H. 

George  F.  Johnson,  K.        Deceased. 

Antonio  Lopes,  H. 

FIFTH  REGIMENT. 
Daniel  M.  Wescott,  Regt.  Band. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM. 


41 


Francis  A.  Cloudman, 
Joseph  M.  Doughty, 
Luther  W.  Wiswell, 
Osgood  W.  Rogers, 
Clinton  B.  Hooper, 
John  Rogers, 
Almon  Shaw, 
Charles  H.  Wheeler, 
John  G.  Anthoine, 
Ambrose  Anthoine, 
Benjamin  C.  Watson, 
Elisha  W.  Wallace, 
William  K.  Austin, 
Samuel  Y.  Shaw, 


G. 


Regt.  Band. 


A.        Sergeant. 

"          Discharged  for  disability  March  9,  1862. 

Ex.  B.  R.  pris. ;  disc,  for  dis.  July  3,  1862. 
"         Deceased. 


H.        Discharged  for  disability  Dec.  17,  1861. 
I.        Deceased. 


Eben  M.  Fields, 
Joseph  A.  Graffam, 
William  P.  Knight, 
Albert  L.  Matthews, 
Charles  A.  Dalton, 
William  P.  Nason, 
Robert  H.  Jackson, 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT. 

G.  Deceased. 

"  Discharged  for  disability  March  8,  1862. 

"  Deceased. 

"  Discharged  June  28,  1862. 

K.  Mustered  in  Sept.  12,  1862. 

F.  Transferred  from  Co.  G ;  disc.  Jan.  10,  1863. 
"       "    "      "      Apr.  14,  1863. 


Nelson  Mabury, 


EIGHTH    REGIMENT. 
Regt.  Band. 


Sargent  S.  Freeman, 
Amos  H.  Hanson, 
Robert  Graffam, 
Albert  Graffam, 
Warren  Howe, 
Stephen  Libby, 
Elbridge  Libby, 
Joseph  K.  Manchester, 
Frank  Morton, 
Charles  E.  Morton, 
Nathan  A.  Strout, 
James  L.  Small, 
Estes  Strout, 
Geo.  II.  Nason, 


NINTH    REGIMENT. 
K.        Deceased. 


Deceased. 


Deceased. 


Recruit ;  mustered  in  Sept.  4,  1862. 


42 

Michael  McGrath, 
Lewis  D.  Knight, 
Mark  D.  Swett, 
Adrial  Leighton, 
Augustus  Arclnian, 
Gustus  Herriek, 
George  F.  Hawkes, 


HISTORY  OF  THE 

B. 

« 

E. 
G. 
I. 


TENTH   REGIMENT. 


Benjamin  F.  Whitney, 
William  R.  Mabury, 
Amos  K.  Hodsdon, 
Moses  Little, 
Frank  Paine, 
Alonzo  H.  Quinby, 
Jeremiah  P.  W.  Roach, 
William  Bodge, 
Solomon  Mains, 
Charles  H.  Wentvvorth, 
Francis  G.  Boody, 
Leonard  G.  Boody, 


C. 

E. 
I. 


B. 

G. 
H. 
C. 


First  Lieutenant  Co.  B. 
Wounded  at  Cedar  Mountain. 
Discharged  for  disability  Sept.  5,  1862. 


Deceased. 

Taken  prisoner ;  in  prison  four  months,  and 
Transferred  to  Co.  D.  [paroled. 


ELEVENTH    REGIMENT. 


James  W.  Little, 
Albert  Maxfield, 
John  Jones, 
Michael  Ryan, 
John  Brown, 


F. 
H. 
B. 


Sergeant ;  wounded  at  Fair  Oaks. 
Promoted  to  Captain. 


TWELFTH    REGIMENT. 


Hamilton  S.  Lowell, 
John  W.  Lombard, 
Charles  M.  Akers, 
Edwin  W.  Thompson, 


Moses  Hunt, 


E. 
G. 
E. 


Lieut. ;  promoted  to  Capt. ;  wound'din  action. 
Sergeant. 

Severely  wounded  in  action,  Sept.  19,  1864. 


THIRTEENTH    REGIMENT. 
F. 


John  C.  Cobb, 
Elvin  J.  Maxwell, 
Jason  Hanson, 


FIFTEENTH    REGIMENT. 

D.        Lieutenant ;  promoted  to  Colonel. 
"          Promoted  to  Captain  2d  Engineers. 


Lyman  W.  Hanson, 
Ephraira  Legrow, 
John  Meara, 
James  L.  Mabury, 
Daniel  Tyler, 
Albert  Authenrieth, 


Oliver  H.  Lowell, 
Isaac  R.  Whitney, 
Lorenzo  D.  Lib  by, 
Albert  Powers, 
Edward  L.  Varney, 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM. 
D. 


43 


Stephen  T.  Morton, 
George  R.  Cobb, 
Joseph  Wescott, 
Daniel  Cobb, 
Richard  L.  Libby, 
Charles  J.  Bond, 
Thomas  H.  Jordan, 
Uriah  Cobb, 
Joseph  G.  Elder, 
Oliver  R.  Gallison, 
William  S.  Hanscomb, 
Meshac  P.  Lary, 
Elias  H.  Libby, 
Paul  E.  Little, 
George  W.  Rackliff, 
Royal  Rand, 
Emanuel  Thomas, 
Renselear  Morton, 


Randall  B.  Morton, 
Andrew  D.  Mabury, 
Eben  F.  Manchester, 
James  R.  Cash, 
George  T.  Bacon, 
Harrison  Brazier, 
John  A.  Knight, 
Nathan  Mason, 
George  Brickett. 


SIXTEENTH    REGIMENT. 

F.        Captain  ;  deceased. 

"         Promoted  First  Lieutenant. 


SEVENTEENTH   REGIMENT. 
B.        Deceased. 


Deceased. 


D. 

F. 
H. 


Deceased. 


"         Deceased. 

"         Wounded. 

TWENTIETH  REGIMENT. 

D.        Deceased. 
«  ii 

I. 

Deceased. 

A.        Wounded ;  leg  amputated. 
"        Deceased. 


44 


HISTORY  OF  THE 


TWENTY-FIFTH  REGIMENT NINE  MONTHS  MEN. 


Samuel  T.  Johnson, 
Charles  Jones, 
J.  Doughty, 
Webb  Hall, 
Charles  B.  Hooper, 
Peter  Stuart, 
Sumner  C.  Bolton, 
Charles  L.  Cobb, 
Franklin  Hanson, 
Charles  E.  Emery, 
Allen,  Henry  W. 
Allen,  Alvin 
Anderson,  George  W. 
Anderson,  Thomas 
Andrews,  George  C. 
Anthoine,  James  W. 
Anthoine,  Joseph  H. 
Bradbury,  Cotton  M. 
Cobb,  Isaac 
Cobb,  Charles  A. 
Dial,  Charles  H. 
Dole,  Daniel  H. 
Dolly,  Nathaniel  D. 
Elder,  Stephen  W. 
Estes,  Robert 
Fairbanks,  Willard  A. 
Felker,  Ezra  D. 
Field,  William  A. 
Graffam,  John  N. 
Hanson,  Jason 
Hanson,  Warren 


First  Lieutenant. 
Second       " 
Band. 
Sergeant. 


Corporal. 


Wagoner. 


Haskell,  Samuel  V. 
Hatch,  David  A. 
Hawkes,  William  H. 
Hill,  Joseph 
Irish,  William  H. 
Libby,  Bela  P. 
Libby,  Joseph 
Lombard,  Charles 
Mabury,  Samuel 
Nash,  Nathan  G. 
Nash,  Charles 
Pride,  Jason  N. 
Smith,  Alonzo,  deceased, 
Smith,  Josiah  W. 
Stevens,  David 
Sylvester,  Richard 
Tukey,  Daniel  R. 
Walker,  Edwin  H. 
Watson,  David  H. 
Wheeler,  George  N. 


H. 
K. 
F. 


B. 


TWENTY-NINTH  REGIMENT. 


Greenleaf  H.  Manchester,  C. 

Isaa.fi  Cobb,  E. 

Daniel  Libby,  " 

William  Bodge,  F. 

Jesse  Bishop,  C. 

Orchard  N.  Crummett,  " 

Charles  L.  Adams,  G. 

Francis  E.  Butters,  " 


Samuel  Hasselton, 
Henry  Hill, 

Gorham  M.  McAllister, 
Warren  M.  McAllister. 
Benjamin  H.  McAllister, 
Sewell  W.  Mason, 
Myrick  F.  Palmer, 
Andrew  Hill. 


G. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  45 

THIRTIETH  REGIMENT. 

James  Lary,  C.        Deceased. 

Josiah  B.  Ward,  " 

John  G.  Shaw, 

William  S.  Bessey, 

Edwin  Legrow, 

George  D.  Hodsdon,  " 

Asa  C.  Cross, 

Robert  A.  Littlefield,  " 

Charles  H.  Dial,  " 

Samuel  F.  Simpson, 

Roswell  P.  Greely,  " 

Joseph  P.  Tripp,  " 

James  F.  Tenney, 

John  T.  Brackett,  I. 

Luther  Wiswell,  Jr.,  K. 

Emery  0.  Walker,  F. 

THIRTY-SECOND  REGIMENT. 

Howard  F.  Robinson,  C.         Deceased. 

Reuben  Robinson,  " 

George  W.  Cobb,  " 

Joseph  A.  Graffam, 

James  M.  Cook,  "         Deceased. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  VETERAN  INFANTRY. 

William  A.  Boyd,  A. 

Ambrose  Anthoine,  B.         Deceased. 

William  P.  Nason,  F. 

William  P.  Knight,  "          Deceased. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  MAINE  CAVALRY. 

Joseph  Small,  B.         Deceased. 

Wendell  T.  Smith,  F. 

Albert  Lowell,  A.  " 

SECOND  REGIMENT  MAINE  CAVALRY. 

Solomon  II.  C.  Bailey,  I.  Samuel  K.  Doe,  B. 

Levi  Bragdon,  William  F.  Hoyt,  " 

Christopher  C.  Hunt,  George  C.  Hoyt, 

William  R.  Mabury,  0.  F.  Jenkins,  " 

John  C.  Stevens,  Jerome  S.  DeWitt,  L. 

Daniel  M.  Wescott, 


46 


HISTORY  OF  THE 


FIRST  REGIMENT  D.  C.  CAVALRY. 
Nathan  D.  Dolly,  Deceased. 

FIRST   BATTERY  MOUNTED  ARTILLERY. 
Edward  Manchester,  George  C.  Andrews. 

SECOND  BATTERY  MOUNTED   ARTILLERY. 
Cyrus  T.  Parker. 

FOURTH    BATTERY    MOUNTED    ARTILLERY. 
David  Martin,  John  M.  Hawkes. 

SEVENTH    BATTERY   MOUNTED    ARTILLERY. 

Benjamin  R.  Legrow,  Ashley  C.  Rice. 

Joseph  H.  Anthoine, 


WHO  ENLISTED  IN 
ARMY, 

Oliver  H.  Lowell,  F. 

Solomon  Mains,  G.        10, 
Joseph  Small,  1, 

Luther  Wiswell,  Jr.,  K.        30, 

Francis  G.  Boody,  C.        10, 

Wendell  T.  Smith,  F.          1, 

William  Bodge,  A.        20, 

Isaac  Cobb,  E.        29, 
Daniel  Libby,  " 

Almon  L.  Varney,  D.         13, 

Edward  L.  Varney,  F.        16, 

George  T.  Bacon,  A.        20, 

Randall  B.  Morton,  D.        20, 
John  T.  Brackett,  I.        30, 

Charles  H.  Dial,  C. 

Arthur  Libby,  B.          3, 
Isaac  W.  Parker, 

John  Larry,  A. 
Jqsiah  F.  Little, 

Charles  Graffam,  C. 

Edward  H.  Trickey,  B. 
Enoch  Graffam, 


NAMES  OF  WINDHAM  MEN 

THE  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  OTHER  STATES,  THE  REGULAR 
THE  NAVY,  AND  Q0OTA8  OF  OTHER  TOWNS. 

Co.   Keg't. 

16,         Gorham  quota. 


Regiment  Cavalry,  Gorham  quota. 

Gorham  quota. 

Portland     " 

Cavalry,  Portland  quota. 


Brunswick  " 

Westbrook  " 

Standish  " 

Scarboro 

Raymond  " 

Vermont  Regiment. 

U.  S.  Engineers. 

Massachusetts  Regiment. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM. 
U.  S.  Army. 
«         « 

U.  S.  Navy. 


47 


Josephus  Hudson, 
Samuel  I)olly, 
Charles  Anderson, 
Ephraim  Legrow, 
William  N.  Little, 
George  W.  Bead, 
Elias  Elliott, 
Alphonso  Merrill, 


RECRUITS  FOIi  WINDHAM,  NOT  NATIVE  CITIZENS. 

Henry  Johnson,  U.  S.  Navy. 
John  Robinson,  "         " 

John  Boyd,  " 

Michael  W.  Lenehan,  "         " 

Barnard  Mooney,  "         " 

Edward  Pry  or,  '  " 

Andrew  Shannon,  '  ' 


THE  CONSCRIPTION,  JULY  17,  1863,  WINDHAM. 


Charles  L.  Varney, 
John  R.  Briggs, 
Edwin  S.  Elder, 
Thomas  J.  Ward, 
Walter  D.  Tenney, 
Elijah  K.  Varney, 
John  C.  Cobb, 
Silas  E.  Sylvester, 
Edward  Dolley, 
Noah  Webb, 
Sylvanus  B.  Lamb, 
Cephas  W.  Skillins, 
Isaac  Libby, 
Albert  W.  Manchester, 
Johnson  Varney, 
Jeremiah  Field, 
Albert  S.  Bodge, 
William  H.  Babbidge, 
Cyrus  K.  Allen, 
George  H.  Dennett, 
Andrew  J.  Morrill, 
William  H.  White, 
William  Whitney, 


Abner  L.  Hawkes, 
Daniel  M.  Wescott, 
William  A.  Lamb, 
Edward  Crockett, 
Joseph  L.  Tukey, 
Albion  T.  Nason, 
Robert  Knight, 
Hamilton  S.  Hawkes, 
Stephen  Mabury, 
Oliver  Hanson, 
Rhea  H.  Elder, 
Kingman  Perham, 
James  W.  Anthoine. 
Newall  P.  Hanson, 
Edward  Allen, 
Stephen  1).  Page, 
John  A.  Cobb, 
Daniel  Jones, 
Oliver  Dole, 
Alamanzer  Kollock, 
Enoch  Shaw,  Jr., 
Samuel  R.  Kemp, 
Samuel  Hawkes, 


George  H.  Harding, 
John  B.  Tibbets, 
James  L.  Fogg, 
Jason  Miller, 
Wendell  T.  Smith, 
Benjamin  H.  Smith, 
Alfred  Winslow, 
George  G.  Young, 
Benaiah  H.  Hall, 
Thaddeus  H.  Chase, 
Jason  G.  Shaw, 
Mark  W.  Dennett, 
Calvin  Morrill, 
John  Irish, 
William  II.  Varney, 
Eli  Stone, 
George  L.  Kilgore, 
Lorenzo  Knight, 
William  H.  Allen, 
Albion  Senter, 
Elias  Irish, 
Moses  M.  Hawkes, 
Reuben  Robinson. 


48 


HISTORY  OF  THE 


RECRUITS  MUSTERED  INTO  THE  SERVICE  FOR 

WINDHAM  QUOTAS. 

Name. 

Co. 

Regt. 

Residence. 

Jesse  Bishop, 

C, 

29, 

Portland. 

Orchard  N.  Crummett, 

c, 

29, 

Somerville. 

Charles  L.  Adams, 

G, 

29, 

Stoneham. 

Francis  E.  Butters, 

G, 

29, 

Waterford. 

Samuel  Hazelton, 

G, 

29, 

Sweden. 

Andrew  Hill, 

G, 

29, 

Stoneham. 

Henry  Hill, 

G, 

29, 

" 

Gershom  McAllister, 

G, 

29, 

« 

Warren  McAllister, 

G, 

29, 

«< 

Benjamin  H.  McAllister, 

G, 

29, 

,          " 

Sewell  W.  Mason, 

G, 

29, 

Lovell. 

Myrick  F.  Palmer, 

G, 

29, 

" 

Josiah  B.  Ward, 

c, 

30, 

Windham. 

George  D.  Hodsdon, 

c, 

30, 

H 

Samuel  F.  Simpson, 

c, 

30, 

Gray. 

William  S.  Bessey, 

c, 

30, 

Albion. 

Asa  C.  Cross, 

c, 

30, 

Somerville. 

Roswell  P.  Greely, 

c, 

30, 

Gray. 

Robert  A.  Littlefield, 

c, 

30, 

Guilford. 

Edwin  Legrow, 

c, 

30, 

Gray. 

James  Lary, 

c, 

30, 

Windham. 

John  Y.  Shaw, 

c, 

30, 

a 

Joseph  P.  Tripp, 

c, 

30, 

Poland. 

James  F.  Tenney, 

c, 

30, 

Raymond. 

Emery  0.  Walker, 

F, 

30, 

Portland. 

Samuel  K.  Doe, 

B, 

2d  Cavalry, 

Vassalborough, 

Edwin  F.  Hoyt, 

B, 

« 

Boston. 

George  C.  Hoyt, 

B, 

« 

" 

O.  F.  Jenkins, 

B, 

« 

Gardiner. 

Solomon  H.  C.  Bailey, 

L, 

« 

Windham. 

Jerome  S.  Dewitt, 

" 

SIXTY-FIRST   SUB-DISTRICT,    WINDHAM. 
Drafted,  reported  and  actually  entered  service,  none. 


DRAFTED,  REPORTED  AND    FURNISHED  SUBSTITUTES. 

Name  of  Principal.  Name  of  Substitute. 

Bodge,  Albert  S.  Blake,  William 

Briggs,  John  R.  Higgins,  Charles  S. 


Residence  of  Substitute. 
Portland. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM. 


49 


Cobh,  Jolm  A. 
Elder.  Edwin  S. 
Hawkes.  Samuel 
Hawkes,  Hamilton  8. 
Irish,  HI ias 
Irish,  Jolm 
Knight,  Hubert  H. 
Kollock,  Alamanzer 
Knight,  Lorenzo  I). 
Mabury,  Stephen 
Morrill,  Andrew  J. 
Morrill,  Calvin 
Nason,  Albion  T. 
Lamb.  Sylvan  us  B. 
Perham,  Kinsman  D. 
Page,  Stephen  D. 
Shaw,  Jason  G. 
Stone.  Eli 
Tukey, Joseph  L. 
Webb,  Noah 
"White,  William  II. 
Varney.  William  II. 
Drafted,  reported,  and 


Perry,  Chnrles  0. 
Nolan,  Jolm 
Dunlap,  Henry  J. 
Hussell,  Joseph  II. 
Dunlap,  Samuel 
Howard,  James 
Hatching,  Jonathan  Jr. 
Murphy,  James 
Johnston,  Uoseoe 
Johnson,  William 
McCabe,  James 
Cooley,  Daniel 
Duplace.  Leon 
Williams,  Thomas 
Harrold,  William 
While,  George 
Gray,  Joseph 
Langdon,  James 
Wells,  Walter 
Clark,  George 
Cook,  Charles 
Sasso,  Antonio 
paid  commutation,  none. 


Brewer. 

Canada. 

Philadelphia,  Penn. 

Portland. 

Baltimore,  Mel. 

Boston,  Mass. 

Minot. 

Springfield,  N.  Y. 

Cape  Elizabeth. 

Portland. 

Boston,  Mass. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

East  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Portland. 

Bath. 

Portland. 

New  York. 

Portland. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Elmira,  N.  Y. 

Boston,  Mass. 

Unknown. 


RECAPITULATION. 

Who!e  number  drafted, 

Entered  service, 

Furnished  substitutes, 

Paid  commutation, 

Exempted  for  physical  disability, 

Exempted  under  Sec.  2,  enrolment  act, 

In  service  March  3,  1803, 

Exempted  for  non-residence, 

Failed  to  report  Jan.  1,  Id64, 


69 
0 

21 
0 

28 
9 
3 
2 
3 


SUBSTITUTES. 


Ntuna  of  Principal. 
Allen,  Thomas  L. 
Allen,  William  II. 
Bodge,  Albert  8. 
Briggs,  John  II. 

4 


N-ini  i  of  Substituts. 

Augustus  Ardman. 
Joseph  Kemp. 
William  Blnke. 
Charles  S.  Iliggins. 


50 


HISTORY  OF  THE 


Baker,  Seward  M. 
Bailey,  Levi  Jr., 
Cobb,  Hugh  C. 
Cobb, John  A. 
Elder,  Edwin  S. 
Hawkes,  George 
Hooper,  William  B. 
Hawkes,  George  E. 
Hawkes,  Samuel 
Hanson,  Warren 
Hawkes,  Hamilton  S. 
Hunnewell,  Charles 
Irish,  Elias 
Irish,  John 
Knight,  Robert  H. 
Knight,  Lorenzo  D. 
Kollock,  Alraanzer 
Libby,  William  H. 
Leavitt,  William  R. 
Lamb,  Sylvanus  B. 
Morrill,  John  M. 
Morrill,  Calvin 
Morrill,  Jacob  B. 
Morrill,  Andrew  J. 
Mabury,  Stephen 
Mabury,  William  F. 
Mabury,  Edward  D. 
Mabury,  Joshua  S. 
Nason,  Albion  T. 
Perham,  Kingman  G. 
Page,  Stephen  D. 
Purington,  Abijah  H. 

Rogers,  Charles 

Shaw,  Jason  G. 

Shaw,  Nathaniel  L. 

Varney,  William  H. 

White,  William  H. 

Webb,  Noah 

White,  John  M. 

Walker,  Charles  B. 

Webb,  M.  H. 

Webb,  John  M. 


Adrial  Leighton. 
Francis  Stevens. 
Michael  W.  Lenahan. 
Charles  0.  Perry. 
John  Nolan. 
Albert  Authenrieth. 
John  Brown. 
John  Boyd. 
Henry  J.  Dunlap 
George  F.  Hawkes. 
Joseph  H.  Russell. 
Barney  Woods. 
Samuel  Dunlap. 
James  Howard. 
Jonathan  Hutching,  Jr. 
Roscoe  Johnson. 
James  Murphy. 
George  Nelson. 
Andrew  Shannon. 
•  Thomas  Williams. 
George  Brennan. 
Daniel  Cooley. 
Gustus  Herrick. 
James  McCabe. 
William  Johnson. 
Michael  McGrath. 
Michael  Ryan. 
John  Strahan. 
Leon  Duplace. 
William  Harrold. 
George  White. 
Lewis  D.  Wright. 
Barnard  Mooney. 
Joseph  Gray. 
George  Bosworth. 
Antonio  Lopes. 
Charles  Cook. 
George  Clark. 
William  H.  Johnson. 
Edward  Morgan. 
John  Rickaby. 
John  Robinson. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM. 


51 


RECRUITS  MUSTERED  IN  BY  PROVOST  MARSHAL. 


Akers,  Charles  M. 
Anthoine,  Joseph  H. 
Andrews,  George  C. 
Bragclon,  Levi 
Brazier,  Harrison 
Brickett,  George 
Bangs,  Charles  E. 
Cash,  James  R. 
Clement,  William  F. 
Davis,  George  C. 
Gallison,  Oliver  R. 
Hanson,  Jason 
Hunt,  Christopher  C. 
Hanson,  Oliver 
Hodgdon,  Amos  H. 
Hawkes,  Moses  M. 
Knight,  John  A. 
Knight,  Sargent 
Lakin,  John 
Lamb,  Sylvanus  B. 
Manchester,  Edward 
Mason,  Nathan 
Mabury,  William  R. 
Nason,  James 
Parker,  Winfield  S, 
Rice,  Ashley  C, 
Stevens,  John  C. 
Weseott,  Daniel  M, 


Date  of  Muster. 

August  6,  1864, 
September  30,  1864, 
October  4,  1864, 
September  30,  1864, 
February  10,  1865, 
March  28,  1865, 
April  11,  1865, 
February  15,  1865, 
April  11,  1866, 
April  6,  1865, 
April  11,  1865, 
May  11,  1864, 
October  17,  1864, 
March  2,  1865, 
December  29,  1863, 
April  11,  1865, 
February  10,  1865, 
March  7,  1865, 
February  10,  1865, 
March  31,  1865, 
April  7,  186*; 
February  10,  1865, 
September  30,  1864, 
March  28,  1865, 
April  11,  1865, 
September  30,  1864, 


Regiment, 
12th  Infantry. 
7th  Battery. 
17th  Infantry. 
2d  Cavalry. 
20th  Infantry. 

1C  « 

Unassigned  Infantry. 

20th  Infantry. 

Unassigned  Infantry. 

80th  Infantry. 

Unassigned  Infantry. 

17th  Infantry. 

2d  Cavalry. 

15th  Infantry, 

1st  Heavy  Artillery. 

Unassigned  Infantry. . 

20th  Infantry. 

Unassigned  Infantry. 

20th  Infantry. 

Unassigned  Infantry. 

1st  Battery. 

20th  Infantry. 

2d  Cavalry. 

20th  Infantry. 

29th  Unassigned  Infantry. 

7th  Battery. 

2d  Cavalry. 

2d  Cavalry. 


Boyd,  John 
Johnson,  Henry 
Lenahan,  Michael  W. 
Mooney,  Barnard 
Pryor,  Edward 
Robinson,  John 
Shannon,  Andrew 


ENLISTMENTS  IN  THE  NAVY. 

Term  three  years. 


September  23,  1864, 
October  11,  1864, 
February  9,  1866, 
October  11,  1864, 
September  23,  1864, 
October  13,  1864, 


52  HISTORY  OF  THE 

WINDHAM  MEN    KILLED    IX    ACTION,  DIED  OF  WOUNDS  AND 
DISEASE  CONTRACTED  IN  THE  SERVICE. 

Solomon  Maines,  son  of  David  and  Anna  Maines,  member 
of  Co.  G,  10th  Maine  Regiment.  Mortally  wounded  in  the 
battle  of  Autietam,  Sept.  17  ;  died  Sept.  18,  1862,  aged  44 
years. 

Amos  II.  Hanson,  son  of  William  P.  and  Fidelia  Hanson, 
member  of  Co.  K,  9th  Regiment;  was  killed  by  the  ex- 
plosion of  a  shell  on  Morris  Island,  South  Carolina,  July  17, 
186:3,  aged  27  years. 

Paul  E.  Little,  son  of  Moses  and  Eliza  Little,  and  great- 
grandson  of  Paul  Little,  Esq.,  ancestors  of  the  Littles  of 
Windham,  member  of  Co.  H,  17th  Maine  Regiment ;  died 
of  wounds  received  in  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  in  the 
hospital  at  Alexandria,'  Va.,  July  24,  1863,  aged  83  years. 
His  remains  were  brought  to  Windham  and  interred  in 
cemetery  in  School  District  No.  2,  August  5,  1863. 

Royal  Rand,  son  of  Samuel  and  Hannah  Rand,  and 
grandson  of  John  Rand,  ancestors  of  the  Rands  in  Wind- 
ham,  member  of  Co.  H,  17th  Maine  Regiment ;  killed  in 
the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863,  aged  38  years. 

Stephen  T.  Morton,  son  of  William  and  Adeline  Morton, 
member  of  Co.  B, 17th  Maine  Regiment;  wounded  at  Fred- 
ericksburg,  Dec.  17,  1862  ;  died  in  Falmouth,  Va.,  Jan.  5, 
1863,  aged  19  years..  His  remains  were  brought  to  Wind- 
ham  and  interred  in  the  cemetery  on  the  farm  of  William 
Goold,  Esq.,  Feb.  22,  1863. 

Frank  Morton,  brother  of  the  preceding,  member  of  Co. 
K,  9th  Maine  Regiment ;  died  in  Hampton  Hospital,  Va.,  of 
wounds  received  in  battle,  Aug.  9,  1864,  aged  20  years. 
His  remains  were  brought  to  Windham  and  interred  by  the 
side  of  his  brother,  Oct.  23,  1864.  Here,  side  by  side,  lie 
the  remains  of  these  young  brothers  who  have  died  in  the 
service  of  their  country. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  53 

Alonzo  Smith,  son  of  Henry  and  Jane  E.  Smith,  and 
grandson  of  Gan.  John  K.  Smith,  an  oifijer  of  the  Ravolu- 
tionary  army,  membeV  of  Co.  P.,  25th  Maine  Regiment; 
died  in  hospital  at  Arlington  Heights,  Va.,  Dec.  9,  1862, 
aged  19  years.  His  remains  were  interred  in  the  cemetery 
at  VVindham  Hill,  Dec.  22,  1862. 

Albert  Lowell,  son  of  Stephen  and  Abby  Lowell,  member 
of  Co.  A,  1st  M.iine  Ragiment  Cavalry ;  discharged  for 
disability;  died  of  disease  contracted  in  the  service,  Oct.  23, 
1863,  aged  27  years.  His  remains  are  interred  in  cemetery 
in  School  District  No.  11. 

Andrew  D.  Mabury,  son  of  Andrew  D.  and  Margaret 
Mabury  and  lineal  descendant  in  the  fourth  degree  of 
William  Mabury,  ancestor  of  the  Maburys  in  Windham, 
and  second  settler  in  the  town  ;  member  of  Co.  D,  20th 
Maine  Regiment ;  mortally  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Gettys- 
burg, July  2;  died  in  hospital  July  5,  1883,  aged  38  years. 

Joseph  K.  Manchester,  son  of  Nahum  and  Lydia  D. 
Manchester,  and  great-grandson  of  Stephen  Manchester, 
ancestor  of  the  Manchesters  in  Windham,  member  of  Co. 
K,  9th  Maine  Regiment ;  mortally  wounded  in  the  assault 
upon  Fort  Wanner,  on  Morris  Island,  S.  C. ;  died  in  hospital 
in  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  Aug.  3,  1863,  aged  21  years. 

Elias  H.  Libby,  son  of  James  Jr.  and  Polly  Libby, 
member  of  Co.  H,  17th  Maine  Regiment;  died  in  hospital, 
Falmouth,  Va.,  of  sickness  contracted  in  the  service,  Feb. 
17,  1863,  aged  22  years. 

Stephen  Libby,  son  of  Lewis  and  Eliza  Libby,  member 
of  Co.  K,  9th  Maine  Regiment ;  killed  at  Fort  Wagner, 
Morris  Island,  S.  C.,  July  11,  1863,  aged  21  years. 

Arthur  Libby,  brother  of  the  preceding,  member  of  Co. 
B,  3d  Vermont  Regiment;  died  in  Windham,  Feb.  28, 1865, 
of  disease  contracted  in  the  service,  aged  25  years.  His 
remains  are  interred  in  tl^e  cemetery  at  Windham  Upper 
Corner. 


54  HISTORY  OF  THE 

Almon  Shaw,  son  of  Edmund  and  Bethiah  Shaw,  member 
of  Co.  A,  5th  Maine  Regiment ;  died  of  disease  contracted 
in  the  service,  April  2,  1863,  aged  19  years.  Remains 
interred  in  cemetery  at  Windham  Upper  Corner. 

Sargent  S.  Freeman,  son  of  Samuel  and  Sarah  Freeman, 
Corporal  of  Co.  K,  9th  Maine  Regiment ;  died  at  Fortress 
Monroe,  Nov.  1,  1861,  aged  23  years. 

George  H.  Nason,  son  of  Ephraim  and  Martha  A.  Nason, 
member  of  Co.  K,  9th  Maine  Regiment ;  died  of  disease 
contracted  in  the  service,  in  hospital  in  St.  Augustine,  Fla., 
Dec.  5,  1863,  aged  19  years. 

Samuel  Y.  Shaw,  son  of  Thomas  and  Phebe  Shaw, 
member  of  Co.  I,  5th  Maine  Regiment ;  mustered  into  service 
Aug.  22,  1862 ;  killed  in  battle  near  Fredericksburg,  May, 
1863,  aged  44  years. 

Charles  H.  Bodge,  son  of  Andrew  and  Sally  Bodge, 
Corporal  of  Co.  E,  5th  Maine  Regiment ;  died  of  disease 
contracted  in  the  service  Nov.  29, 1863,  aged  25  years.  His 
remains  are  interred  in  the  new  cemetery,  in  District  No.  9. 
Great-great-grandson  of  John  Bodge,  ancestor  of  the  Bodges 
in  Windham. 

Oliver  H.  Lowell,  son  of  Daniel  and  Betsey  Lowell,  and 
grandson  of  Joshua  Lowell,  ancestor  of  the  Lowells  in 
Windham,  Captain  of  Co.  F,  16th  Maine  Regiment ;  killed 
at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863,  aged  33  years. 
"  Capt.  Lowell,  at  the  time  of  his  enlistment,  was  Professor 
of  Greek  and  Latin  languages  in  Gorham  Seminary,  and 
had  been  a  very  popular  and  successful  teacher."  "  The 
funeral  services  in  honor  of  Capt.  O.  H.  Lowell  were  held 
at  the  Congregational  church  in  Gorham,  Oct.  31, 1863." 

Hamilton  S.  Lowell,  brother  of  the  preceding,  Captain  of 
Co.  E,  12th  Maine  Regiment ;  died  in  Gorham,  of  disease 
contracted  in  the  service,  Jan.  IT,  1866,  aged  24  years.  His 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  55 

remains  are  interred  in  the  cemetery,  in  School  District  No. 
6,  in  Windham. 

Howard  F.  Robinson,  son  of  Elijah  and  Ennina  M. 
Robinson,  member  of  Co.  E,  32d  Maine  Regiment ;  killed 
at  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania,  Va.,  May  18,  1864,  aged  17 
years. 

Meshack  P.  Larry,  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  Larry,  mem- 
ber of  Co.  H,  17th  Maine  Regiment ;  was  killed  in  the  battle 
of  the  Wilderness,  May,  1864,  aged  31  years. 

James  Larry,  brother  of  the  preceding,  member  of  Co.  C, 
30th  Maine  Regiment ;  died  in  hospital  at  New  Orleans,  July 
6,  1864,  aged  38  years. 

Wendell  T.  Smith,  son  of  Thomas  L.  and  Eliza  Smith, 
and  great-grandson  of  Peter  T.  Smith,  ancestor  of  the 
Smiths  in  Windham,  member  of  Co.  F,  1st  Maine  Cavalry  ; 
died  of  disease  contracted  in  the  service,  in  hospital  on 
David's  Island,  New  York,  July  21,  1864,  aged  29  years. 
His  remains  are  interred  in  the  Smith  Cemetery,  in  School 
District  No  1. 

Joseph  Wescott,  son  of  John  and  Martha  Wescott,  mem- 
of  Co.  B,  17th  Maine  Regiment ;  died  in  Windham,  of  disease 
contracted  in  the  service,  Dec.  11,  1864,  aged  44  years. 
His  remains  are  interred  in  the  new  cemetery  near  Wind- 
ham  Center. 

James  R.  Cash,  son  of  James  P.  and  Martha  A.  Cash, 
died  in  U.  S.  service  of  disease,  March  27,  1865,  aged  18 
years ;  member  of  Co.  D,  20th  Maine  Regiment.  His  remains 
are  interred  in  the  Smith  Cemetery,  in  School  District  No.  1. 

James  M.  Cook,  son  of  Elijah  and  Martha  Cook,  member 
of  Co.  H,  32d  Maine  Regiment ;  died  in  Windham  of  disease 
contracted  in  the  service,  Feb.  24,  1866,  aged  21  years. 
His  remains  are  interred  in  the  Friend's  new  Cemetery. 

Nathan  D.   Dolley,  son  of  Joseph  and   Esther   Dolley, 


56  HISTORY  OF  THE 

member  of  Baker's  D.  C.  Cavalry ;  killed  in  battle  near 
Richmond,  Va.,  April  6,  1865,  aged  23  years. 

Charles  II.  Wentworth,  son  of  Ephraim  and-Phebe  Went- 
worth,  member  of  Co.  H,  10th  Maine  Regiment;  killed  in 
the  battle  of  Antietam,  Sept.  17,  1862,  aged  26  years. 

William  P.  Knight,  son  of  Eliakim  and  Mary  Knight, 
member  of  Co.  G,  7th  Maine  Regiment ;  killed  m  battle  of 
Antietam,  Sept.  17,  1862,  aged  19  years. 

Harrison  Brazier,  son  of  John  and  Anna  Brazier,  member 
of  Co.  A,  20th  Maine  Regiment ;  killed  in  the  battle  of  Five 
Forks,  March  31,  1835,  aged  44  years. 

Greenleaf  II.  Manchester,  son  of  Stephen  and  Martha  M. 
Manchester,  member  of  Co.  C,  29th  Maine  Regiment;  died 
in  New  Orleans  hospital,  Aug.  10,  1864,  aged  35  years. 

Ambrose  Anthoine,  son  of  John  and  Mary  Anthoine,  and 
grandson  of  Nicholas  Anthoine,  ancestor  of  the  Anthoines 
in  Windham,  Sergeant  of  Co.  G,  5th  Maine  Regiment ;  died 
of  wounds  received  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  May  10, 

1864,  aged  22  years. 

Josiah  B.  Ward,  son  of  Jacob  and  Susan  Ward,  member 
of  Co.  C,  30th  Regiment ;  died  in  General  Hospital,  Va., 
March  25,  1865,  aged  25  years. 

Eben  M.  Fields,  son  of  James  and  Hannah  Fields,  member 
of  Co.  G,  7th  Maine  Regiment ;  wounded  and  taken  prisoner 
at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  and  supposed  died  May  6, 

1865,  aged  27  years. 

John  Y.  Shaw,  son  of  Ebenezer  and  Rebecca  Shaw, 
member  of  Co.  C,  30th  Maine  Regiment ;  taken  prisoner 
April  8,  1864,  at  the  battle  of  Pleasant  Hill,  La.,  and  died 
of  wounds  in  rebel  prison  four  weeks  after  capture,  aged 
34  years. 

George  D.  Hodsdon,  son  of  John  B.  and  Nancy  Hodsdon, 
member  of  Co.  C,  30th  Maine  Regiment  $  died  on  board 
transport,  near  Cape  Hatteras,  July  15,  1864,  aged  19  years. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  57 

George  F.  Johnson,  son  of  Samuel  T.  and  Olive  Johnson, 
member  of  Co.  K,  4th  Maine  Regiment,  wounded  in  battle 
of  Gettysburg ;  leg  amputated,  and  died  immediately  after, 
aged  20  years. 

Elisha    W.    Wallace,   member    of    Co.    G,    5th   Maine 
Regiment;  killed  in  action  May  12,  1863 ;  aged  22  years. 

Charles  Nash,  son  of  B.irzillai  and  Lavinia  Nash,  member  of 
Co.  D,  5th  New  Hampshire  Regiment ;  wounded  in  battle 
of  Cold  Harbor,  June  3, 1864  ;  died  in  hospital  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  Aug.  10,  1864,  aged  26  years. 

Randall  B.  Morton,  member  of  C,>.  D,  20th  Maine  Regi- 
ment ;  wounded  Sept.  30, 1862  ;  died  Oct.  15, 1862,  aged  21 
years. 

William  S.  Bessey,  member  of  Co.  C,  30th  Maine  Regi- 
ment ;  died  of  disease  contracted  in  the  service,  March  6, 
1865,  aged  42  years. 

Edwin  Legrow^  son  of  William  and  Mary  Jane  Legrow, 
and  great-grandson  of  Eiias  Legrow,  ancestor  of  the  Legrows 
in   Windham,  member  of  Co.   C,   30th  Maine   Regiment ; 
died  of  disease  contracted  in  the  service,  May  17, 1865,  aged' 
22  years. 

Edward  L.  Varney,  son  of  Joel  and  Jane  L.  Varney ; 
taken  prisoner  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg ;  died  in  rebel 
hospital,  Jan.  10,  1834,  aged  21  years;  member  of  Co.  F, 
16th  Regiment  Infantry.  He  was  the  great-grandson  of 
Timothy  Varney,  ancestor  of  the  Varrieys  in  Windham. 

Extract  from  the  report  of  Gen.  Grant  acting  Secretary 
of  War,  Nov.  23, 1867  : 

"About  300  cemeteries  have  been  opened,  of  which  80 
are  known  as  national.  The  number  of  soldiers  buried  in 
these  amount  to  nearly  330,030,  of  which  more  than  250,000 
are  interred  in  the  national.  There  are  still  remaining 
uninterred  76,000,  making  a  total  of  320,000." 

This  estimate  does  not  include  the  vast  number  buried  in 


58  HISTORY  OF  THE 

their  native  towns,  and  a  large  number  of  the  dead  reported 
as  missing  in  battle,  which  will  probably  swell  the  aggregate 
to  500,000. 

From  the  prison  records  now  in  the  hands  of  Federal 
authorities,  it  appears  that  the  greatest  number  of  prisoners 
confined  at  Andersonville  (prison)  at  any  one  time  was  in 
Aug.  9,  1864,  being  33,006.  The  total  number  of  deaths 
per  hospital  record,  12,922  ;  the  total  number  of  graves  by 
actual  count,  12,940.  The  greatest  number  of  deaths  in 
any  one  month,  was  in  August,  1864,  being  2,992 ;  the 
greatest  number  in  any  one  day,  was  on  August  23d;  being 
12T. 

Whole  number  of  men  called  into  the  national 

service  during  the  war,  2,688,523 

Whole  number  furnished  by  the  State  of  Maine,  66,669 
Number  furnished  by  the  town  of  Windham,  as 

per  report  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  302 
Number  mustered  into  service,  per  report  of  Adj. 

General,  374 

'Bounties  paid  to  soldiers,  $50,125 

State  aid  to  soldiers'  families,  $7,596 

Number  of  families  aided,  169 

Number  of  .persons  in  families,  453 

Contributions  for  soldiers'  relief,  $2,450 

It  is  a  matter  of  profound  regret  that  wars  should 
constitute  so  large  a  part  of  the  history  of  nations  and  towns. 
They  are  the  dark  side  of  sacred  and  profane  history.  All 
wars,  justifiable  or  unjustifiable,  glorious  or  inglorious,  have 
an  appalling  counterpart.  This  besom  of  destruction  has 
been  in  the  full  tide  of  successful  operation  for  more  than 
three  thousand  years,  and  been  sanctioned  by  the  highest 
Divine  and  civil  authority.  All  wars  are  waged  against 
humanity,  philanthropy,  peace  on  earth  and  good  will  to 
men. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  59 

RELIGIOUS  DENOMINATIONS. 

The  Congregational  is  the  oldest  religious  society.  It 
was  established  by  conditions  in  the  grant  of  the  township 
before  there  was  an  inhabitant  in  the  town,  and  was  for 
many  years  the  only  religious  society  in  the  town.  There 
have  been  greater  changes  in  religious  opinions  and  condi- 
tions of  societies  than  in  any  other  matter.  History 
discloses  the  instability  of  religious  societies.  They  are 
zealous  at  times,  build  meeting  houses,  have  constant 
preaching  and  large  congregations  ;  ultimately  the  meetings 
dwindle  away,  public  worship  is  suspended  and  the  meet- 
ing houses,  after  remaining  unoccupied  for  many  years,  are 
taken  down.  This  has  been  the  result  with  the  Congrega- 
tional, Methodist,  Baptist  and  Universalist  societies,  with  the 
exception  that  the  Universalist  meeting  house  has  not  been 
taken  down.  The  Congregationalist  built  the  first  meeting 
house  in  the  town,  in  1740.  In  1743  a  church  of  seven  per 
sons  was  formed  and  a  pastor  settled. 

John  Wight  was  the  first  settled  minister.  He  gradu- 
ated at  Harvard  College  in  1721 ;  came  from  Dedham,  Mass., 
to  this  town ;  ordained  Dec.  14,  1743,  and  preached  here 
until  his  death.  He  died  May  8,  1753,  aged  55  years. 

Peter  Thacher  Smith  was  the  second  pastor.  He  was 
the  son  of  Rev.  Thomas  Smith,  of  Falmouth,  now  Portland. 
Born  in  Falmouth,  June  14,  1731 ;  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  1753  ;  ordained  Sept.  22, 1762  ;  dismissed  Nov.  26, 
1790 ;  died  October  26,  1826,  in  the  96th  year  of  his  age, 
having  preached  28  years  and  2  months. 

Nathaniel  Stone  was  the  third  minister.  He  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  1795 ;  came  from  Provincetown, 
Mass.,  to  this  town  ;  ordained  Oct.  1,  1798  ;  dismissed  Feb. 
3,  1805. 

Asa  Lyman  was  the  fourth  minister.  He  was  born  in 
Lebanon,  Conn.,  about  1777 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College, 


GO  HISTORY  OF  THE 

• 

1802  or  3  ;  installed  Nov.  30, 1809  ;  dismissed  June  1, 1810  ; 
died  in  the  State  of  New  York  1836,  aged  59  years. 

Gardner  Kellogg  was  the  fifth  minister.  He  was  installed 
April  25,  1811,  and  continued  pastor  until  his  death,  lie 
died  Nov.  29,  1826,  aged  61  years. 

William  Gragg  was  the  sixth  minister.  Ordained  Oct.  15, 
1828 ;  dismissed  Aug  31,  1831. 

Jonathan  Lse  H.ile  was  ths  seventh  minister.  Ordained 
Sept.  12,  1832,  and  continued,  pastor  until  his  death.  He 
died  Jan.  15,  1835,  aged  45  years. 

John  W.  Shepard  was  the  eighth  minister.  He  was 
ordained  Aug.  3,  1836 ;  dismissed  July  10,  1839. 

William  Warren  was  the  ninth  pastor.  He  was  ordained 
Feb.  1840  ;  dismissed  Nov.  1849. 

John  Perham  was  the  tenth  pastor.  Ordained  Jan.  21, 
1851 ;  dismissed  Sept.  19, 1854. 

Luther  Wiswall  is  the  eleventh  and  present  pastor. 
Installed  Sept.  20,  1854. 

Between  1740  and  1795,  two  meeting  house  frames  were 
erected  in  the  south  part  of  the  town,  neither  of  which 
were  finished,  and  subsequently  both  were  taken  down. 
The  fourth  Congregational  meeting  house  was  erected  in 
1795,  opposite  Thomas  L.  Smith's  dwelling  house,  and  taken 
down  in  1861.  With  it  disappeared  that  relic  of  antiquity, 
the  sounding  board,  which  was  suspended  over  the  preacher's 
desk.  The  author,  when  a  small  boy,  attended  the  meetings, 
and  was  afraid  the  sounding  board  would  fall  and  kill  the 
minister.  This  sounding  board  was  a  matchless  piece  of 
mechanism,  and  the  only  one  in  the  town. 

The  fifth  Congregational  meeting  house  at  Windhara 
Hill  was  erected  in  1834,  and  is  the  one  now  occupied  by 
this  society.  It  was  erected  twenty-seven  years  before  the 
fourth  was  taken  down.  It  is  a  convenient,  well  finished 
church,  with  steeple  and  bell,  being  the  first  bell  on  any 
church  in  Windham.  They  have  a  ministerial  fund  of  the 


TOWN  OF  W1NDHAM.  61 

annual  income  of  $225,  being  the  proceeds  of  the  ministerial 
right  in  the  grant  of  the  township  for  the  support  of  the  min- 
istry. The  society  has  a  Sabbath  School  varying  from  75  to 
125  scholars. 

QUAKER,  OR  FRIENDS'  SOCIETY. 

The  Friends'  Society  is  the  next  oldest  society  in  town. 
There  were  persons  of  this  denomination  in  town  prior  to 
1774.  At  a  town  meeting  Oct.  13, 1774,  it  voted  to  excuse  . 
eight  persons  of  this  society  from  paying  ministerial  taxes.  ' 
They  have  a  meeting  for  public  worship  established  in  1779, 
a  preparative  meeting  in  1793,  a  quarterly  meeting  in  1801, 
a  monthly  meeting  in  1802.  They  have  a  large  and  con- 
venient meeting  house  near  the  center  of  the  town,  erected 
in  1849.  They  are  the  only  society  that  has  sustained  a 
meeting  from  their  first  organization  to  the  present  time 
without  a  suspension  of  public  worship.  Their  constant 
attendance  upon  public  worship  and  the  care  they  take  of 
those  belonging-  to  their  society  wko  need  assistance,  so 
that  none  become  chargeable,  is  worthy  of  commendation. 
In  the  "  olden  times  "  they  had  an  academy  for  the  instruc- 
tion of  youth.  This  was  the  first  and  only  one  erected  in 
the  town.  The  precise  time  when  it  was  raised  up,  how  long 
occupied,  and  when  razed  down,  is  not  known.  This  society 
has  one  peculiar  tenet  that  puts  love  under  guardianship. 
It  prohibits  their  members  from  marrying  with  those  who 
are  not  members  of  their  society.  If  they  violate  this 
prohibition  they  are  expelled  from  the  society.  Tin's  prohi- 
bition has  not  stood  the  test.  This  society  has  a  Sabbath 
School  of  forty-five  scholars. 

METHODISTS. 

The  Methodists  had  a  small  meeting  house  at  Windham 
Center,  erected  in  1792.  This  meeting  house  was  aban- 
doned and  taken  down  several  years  ago.  Subsequently  they 


62  HISTORY  OF  THE 

had  one  in  the  south  part  of  the  town.  This  was  moved 
and  used  for  a  school  house.  At  the  present  time  they  have 
no  house  for  public  worship.  A  part  of  this  society  have 
meetings  in  the  free  meeting  house  at  Windham  Upper 
Corner.  This  society  labors  under  serious  disadvantages. 
They  are  scattered  over  the  distant  parts  of  the  town  in 
such  a  manner  that  it  is  extremely  difficult,  if  not  impracti- 
cable, for  all  to  assemble  at  one  place  for  public  worship. 

BAPTISTS. 

The  Baptists  have  been  known  by  several  different  names. 
They  have  been  called  by  the  names  of  several  of  their 
prominent  ministers.  At  the  present  time  they  are  called 
General  and  Star  Baptists.  They  are  all  Free  Will  Bap- 
tists. This  society  had  a  rapid  increase  in  numbers  a  few 
years  anterior  to  1822,  mainly  under  the  ministry  of  Elder 
Clement  Phinney,  an  able,  influential  and  popular  preacher. 
A  large  society  was  gathered,  and  a  meeting  house  erected 
on  the  Little  farm,  neat  Mallison  Falls,  in  1822.  This  house 
was  filled  to  its  utmost  capacity  for  several  years,  with  a 
large  and  enthusiastic  congregation.  Ultimately  the  meet- 
ings dwindled  away,  public  worship  was  suspended,  and  the 
meeting  house,  after  remaining  unoccupied  for  several  years, 
was  taken  down.  A  free  meeting  house  was  erected  in  the 
south  part  of  the  town,  in  1870,  dedicated  June,  1870.  It 
is  occupied  by  the  General  Baptists  and  Second  Adventists. 
They  have  a  Sabbath  School  of  thirty  scholars  and  as  many 
books.  It  is  not  known  that  there  has  ever  been  any 
Calvinist  Baptists  in  the  town. 

UNIVEESALISTS. 

Fifty  years  ago  there  was  scarcely  a  Universalist  in  the 
town.  At  the  present  time  they  are  more  numerous  than 
any  other  society.  This  society  was  first  organized  June  8, 
1840.  At  a  meeting  June  15,  1840,  it  was  voted  to  build  a 


TOWN  OP  WINDHAM.  63 

meeting  house  48  feet  long,  38  feet  wide,  with  posts  17  feet 
high,  with  a  suitable  belfry,  steeple,  dome,  and  spire,  which 
was  erected  Sept.  1,  1840 ;  dedicated  May  12,  1841.  Rev. 
George  Bates  preached  the  dedication  sermon.  The  history 
of  this  society  is  very  much  like  the  preceding  societies. 
For  several  years  after  the  church  was  erected,  they  had  a 
large  congregation  and  constant  meetings.  In  process  of 
time  their  meetings  were  suspended,  and  their  church 
unoccupied  for  several  years.  In  1871,  the  society  was 
reanimated  under  the  ministry  of  the  Rev.  S.  S.  Fletcher, 
and  have  had  meetings  every  alternate  Sabbath  for  the  last 
two  years,  and  a  large  congregation.  They  have  a  Sabbath 
School  of  169  scholars,  and  a  library  of  244  vols.  Rev. 
Leander  Hussey  was  the  first  pastor. 

In  addition  to  the  meeting  houses  before  mentioned, 
there  is  a  free  meeting  house  at  Windham  Centre,  erected 
in  1846. 

TOWN  CLERKS. 

1762-1765,  inclusive,  Thomas  Chute,  four  years. 
1766-1769,  Abraham  Anderson,  four  years. 
1770,  Richard  Mabury,  one  year. 
1771-1773,  Micah  Walker,  three  years. 
1774-1776,  Richard  Dole,  three  years. 
1777-1782,  Edward  Anderson,  six  years. 
1783-1788,  Richard  Dole,  six  years. 
1789-1791,  Abraham  Osgood,  three  years. 
1792,  Caleb  Rhea,  one  year. 
1793-1803,  Richard  Dole,  eleven  years. 
1804,  Josiah  Chute,  one  year. 
1805-1820,  John  Gallison,  sixteen  years. 

1821,  John  Collins,  one  year. 

1822,  William  Brown,  one  year. 
1823-1841,  John  Eveleth,  nineteen  years. 


64  HISTORY  OF  THE 

1842,  William  Silla,  one  year. 
1843-1844,  John  Eveleth,  two  years. 
184"),  Samuel  Freeman,  one  year. 
1846-1848,  John  Eveleth,  three  years. 
1849,  Samuel  Freeman,  one  year. 
1850-1854,  John  Eveleth,  five  years. 
1855-1862,  Howard  C.  Freeman,  eight  years. 
1863-1864,  Peter  R.  Hall,  two  years. 
1865-1867,  George  E.  Hawkes,  three  years. 
1868-1870,  John  C.  Cobb,  three  years. 
1871,  Alpheus  A.  Goold,  one  year. 
187:1-1873,  Fred  S.  llawkes,  two  years. 

REPRESENTATIVES    IN    THE     GENERAL    COURT    OF    MASSA- 
CHUSETTS, FROM  1762   TO    THE    SEPARATION  OF  MAINE 
FROM   MASSACHUSETTS  IN  1820. 

1767,  Abraham  Anderson.  1812,  Josiah  Chute. 

1768,  Abraham  Anderson.  1813,  Stephen  Hall. 
1797,  Ezra  Brown.  1814,  Stephen  Hall. 
1803,  Peter  T.  Smith.  1815,  Stephen  Hall. 
1805,  Josiah  Chute.  1816,  Nathan  Goold. 
1807,  Josiah  Chute.  1817,  Josiah  Chute. 

1809,  Josiah  Chute.  1818,  Josiah  Chute. 

1810,  Josiah  Chute.  1819,  Josiah  Chute. 

1811,  Josiah  Chute.  1820,  Josiah  Chute. 

REPRESENTATIVES   IN    THE    LEGISLATURE   OF    MAINE, 
FROM  1820  TO  1850. 

1821,  Daniel  Hall.  1825,  John  Eveleth. 

1822,  Moses  Little.  1826,  John  Eveleth. 

1823,  John  Eveleth.  1827,  Stephen  Webb. 

1824,  John  Eveleth.  1828,  Stephen  Webb. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  65 

1829,  Moses  Little.  1840,  Sargeant  Shaw. 

1830,  John  Waterman.  1841,  Thomas  Hawkes. 

1831,  Daniel  Hall.  1842,  Ezra  Brown,  Jr. 

1832,  Elias  Baker.  1843,  Ezra  Brown,  Jr. 

1833,  None.  1844,  Edward  Anderson. 

1834,  John  Webb.  1845,  None. 

1835,  John  Webb.  1846,  Stephen  Webb. 

1836,  Enoch  White.  184T,  Daniel  Rogers. 

1837,  Elias  Baker.  1848,  Asa  Legrow. 

1838,  Allen  Hamblen.  1849,  Daniel  Rogers. 

1839,  Sargeant  Shaw.  1850,  Daniel  Rogers. 

REPRESENTATIVES  FOR    THE    DECADE   FROM    1850  TO  1860, 
DURING  WHICH  WINDHAM  WAS  CLASSED  WITH  SEBAGO. 

1851,  Samuel  Hunt,  W.  1856,  Ezra  Brown,  W. 

1852,  Samuel  Hunt,  W.  1857,  Jacob  Marston,  W. 

1853,  David  P.  Baker,  W.  1858,  Stephen  R.  Porter,  S. 

1854,  Ephraim  Legrow,  W.  1859,  Seward  M.  Baker,  W. 

1855,  Oliver  D.  Dike,  S.  1860,  William  Haley,  S. 

REPRESENTATIVES    FOR   THE   DECADE    FROM    1860  TO  1870. 

IN  THIS  DECADE  WINDHAM  WAS  CLASSED  WITH 

SCARBOROUGH. 

1861,  Seth  C.  Hunkins,  W.  1868,  George  Goold,  W. 

1862,  Thomas  L.  Smith,  W.  1869,  Seward  B.  Gunnison,  S. 

1863,  James  Gunnison,  S.  1870,  Ebenezer  H.  Mayo,  W. 

1864,  Jason  Webb,  W.  1871,  John  C.  Cobb. 

1865,  Benjamin  M.  Baker.  1872,  Benjamin  M.  Baker. 

1866,  Horatio  Hight,  S.  1873,- Richard  Mabury. 

1867,  William  Goold,  W. 

SELECTMEN. 

« 

1762,  Caleb  Graffam,  Thomas  Mabury,  John  Farrar. 

1763,  John  Bodge,  Thomas  Mabury,  Abraham  Anderson. 

1764,  William  Knight,  Caleb  Graffam,  Richard  Maybury. 

5 


66  HISTORY  OF  THE 

1765,  James  Bailey,  Thomas  Chute,  Isaac  Elder. 

1766,  James  Bailey,  Thomas  Chute,  Isaac 'Elder. 

1767,  Curtis  Chute,  William  Knight,  Thomas  Mabury. 

1768,  Caleb  Graffam,  Thomas  Mabury,  Abraham  Anderson. 

1769,  Caleb  Graffam,  Thomas  Mabury,  Abraham  Anderson. 

1770,  Caleb  Graffam,  Hugh  Crague,  William  Knight. 

1771,  William  Copprian,  William  Knight,  William  Elder. 

1772,  William  Knight,  William  Copprian,  Zebulon  Hunne- 

well. 

1773,  Caleb  Graffam,  Thomas  Mabury,  Richard  Mabury. 

1774,  Ichabod  Hanson,  Hugh  Crague,  Thomas  Trott. 

1775,  Thomas  Trott,  Ichabod  Hanson,  David  Barker. 

1776,  Thomas  Trott,  Ichabod  Hanson,  David  Barker. 

1777,  William  Knight,  Abraham  Osgood,  Daniel  Pettengill. 

1778,  Abraham  Osgood,  Timothy  Pike,  Thomas  Trott. 

1779,  Timothy  Pike,  Paul  Little,  Caleb  Graffam. 

1780,  Caleb  Graffam,  Jonathan  Loveitt,  Thomas  Trott. 

1781,  Paul  Little,  Jonathan  Loveitt,  Edward  Anderson. 

1782,  Daniel  Pettengill,  William  Knight,  Abraham  Osgood. 

1783,  Gershom  Rogers,  Ezra  Brown,  Daniel  Pettengill. 

1784,  Gershom  Rogers,  Ezra  Brown,  Joseph  Hooper. 

1785,  Ezra  Brown,  David  Purington,  Gershom  Rogers. 

1786,  Edward  Anderson,  Ezra  Brown,  David  Purington. 

1787,  Edward  Anderson,  Ezra  Brown,  David  Purington. 

1788,  Josiah  Chute,  Ezra  Brown,  David  Purington. 

1789,  David  Purington,  Paul  Little,  Joseph  Hooper. 

1790,  Ezra  Brown,  Paul  Little,  David  Puringtou. 

1791,  Winslow  Hall,  Josiah  Chute,  Ezra  Brown. 

1792,  David  Purington,  Josiah  Chute,  Ezra  Brown. 

1793,  David  Purington,  Josiah  Chute,  Ezra  Brown. 

1794,  David  Purington,  Josiah  Chute,  Ezra  Brown. 

1795,  Ezra  Brown,  Josiah  Chute,  Abraham  Anderson. 

1796,  Ezra  Brown,  Josiah  Chute,  Abraham  Anderson. 

1797,  David  Purington,  Ezra  Brown,  Thomas  Crague. 

1798,  Josiah  Chute,  Ezra  Brown,  David  Purington. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  67 

1799,  William  Hall,  Thomas  Crague,  Edward  Anderson. 

1800,  Ezra  Brown,  Josiah  Chute,  Thomas  Crague. 

1801,  Ezra  Brown,  David  Purington,  Elijah  Kennard. 

1802,  David  Purington,  Paul  Little,  Josiah  Chute. 

1803,  David  Purington,  Paul  Little,  Josiah  Chute. 

1804,  David  Purington,  Paul  Little,  Josiah  Chute. 

1805,  David  Purington,  Josiah  Webb,  John  Swett. 

1806,  David  Purington,  Josiah  Webb,  John  Chute. 

1807,  Josiah  Chute,  Ezra  Brown,  William  Hall. 

1808,  Josiah  Chute,  William  Hall,  Noah  Read. 

1809,  Josiah  Chute,  Josiah  Webb,  William  Hall. 

1810,  Josiah  Chute,  Josiah  Webb,  William  Hall. 

1811,  Josiah  Chute,  Josiah  Webb,  William  Hall. 

1812,  Nathan  Goold,  Josiah  Webb,  William  Hall. 

1813,  Nathan  Goold,  Josiah  Webb,  William  Hall. 

1814,  Nathan  Goold,  Stephen  Hall,  Josiah  Chute. 

1815,  Nathan  Goold,  Stephen  Hall,  Josiah  Chute. 

1816,  Nathan  Goold,  William  Brown,  Josiah  Chute. 

1817,  Nathan  Goold,  William  Brown,  Timothy  Hanson. 

1818,  Nathan  Goold,  William  Brown,  Josiah  Webb. 

1819,  William  Brown,  Josiah  Webb,  Stephen  Hall. 

1820,  William  Brown,  Joseph  Staples,  Stephen  Hall. 

1821,  Nathan  Goold,  Thomas  Little,  Josiah  Webb. 

1822,  William  Brown,  Ebenezer  Hawkes,  John  Gallison. 

1823,  John  Eveleth,  William  Brown,  Ebenezer  Hawkes,  3d. 

1824,  William  Brown,  Ebenezer  Hawkes,  3d,  Stephen  Webb. 

1825,  Stephen  Webb,  Daniel  Hall,  Joseph  Staples. 

1826,  William  Brown,  Joseph  Staples,  Edmund  Boody. 

1827,  William  Brown,  Ebenezer  Hawkes,  3d,  Timothy  Han- 

son. 

1828,  William  Brown,  Elias  Baker,  Solomon  Hawkes. 

1829,  Elias  Baker,  Stephen  Webb,  Edward  Anderson. 

1830,  William  Brown,  Thomas  Mabury,  Jr.,  John  Read. 

1831,  Thomas  Mabury,  Jr.,  John  Read,  John  Waterman. 

1832,  Thomas  Mabury,  Jr.,  John  Read,  John  Waterman. 


68  HISTORY  OF  THE 

1833,  Thomas  Mabury,  Jr.,  Elias  Baker,  John  Webb. 

1834,  Thomas  Mabury,  Jr.,  Edward  Anderson,  James  M'ln- 

tosh. 

1835,  Thomas   Mabury,    Jr.,  Edward   Anderson,  Thomas 

Varney. 

1836,  Stephen  Webb,  Allen  Hamblen,  Asa  Legrow. 

1837,  William  Brown,  Thomas  Hawkes,  Asa  Legrow. 

1838,  Levi  Tobie,  Asa  Legrow,  Lewis  Hardy. 
1830,  Thomas  Hawkes.  Levi  Tobie,  Lucius  Whipple. 

1840,  Thomas  Hawkes,  Lucius  Whipple,  William  E.  Brown. 

1841,  Thomas  Hawkes,  Lucius  Whipple,  William  E.  Brown. 

1842,  William  Silla,  Edward  Anderson,  Josiah  Fogg. 

1843,  Lucius  Whipple,  Thomas  Hawkes,  Thomas  L.  Smith. 

1844,  Lucius  Whipple,  Enoch  Mabury,  Thomas  L.  Smith. 

1845,  Lucius  Whipple,  Enoch  Mabury,  Ezra  Brown,  Jr. 

1846,  Enoch  Mabury,  Ezra  Brown,  Jr.,  Edward  Anderson. 

1847,  Edward  Anderson,  Mark  Knight,  Thomas  Hawkes. 

1848,  Edward  Anderson,  Mark  Knight,  Thomas  Hawkes, 

1849,  Ezra  Brown,  Jr.,  Samuel  Freeman,  (I)avid  P.  Baker. 

1850,  Ezra  Brown,  Jr.,  Samuel  Freeman,  David  P.  Baker. 

1851,  Thomas  Mabury,  Ephraim  Legrow,  Thomas  Hawkes. 

1852,  Thomas  Mabury,  Ephraim  Legrow,  Thomas  Hawkes. 

1853,  Thomas  Mabury,  Ephraim  Legrow,  -Thomas  Hawkes. 

1854,  Thomas  Hawkes,  Ephraim  Legrow,  Edward  Anderson. 

1855,  William  Silla,  Elisha  Jones,  Jason  Hanson. 

1856,  William  Silla,  Elisha  Jones,  Jason  Hanson. 

1857,  Thomas  Mabury,  Thomas  L.  Smith,  Jason  Hanson. 

1858,  Thomas  Mabury,  Charles  Jones,  Charles  Rogers. 

1859,  Oliver  Pope,  Jason  Hanson,  William  S.  Cobb. 

1860,  Oliver  Pope,  Jason  Hanson,  William  S.  Cobb. 

1861,  Samuel  Freeman,  William  Silla,  Abijah  H.  Purington. 

1862,  Samuel  Freeman,  Abijah  H.  Purington,  Charles  Hun- 

newell. 

1863,  Abijah  H.  Purington,  Charles  Hunnewell,  Isaiah  Elder. 

1864,  Abijah  H.  Purington,  Charles  Hunnewell,  Isaiah  Elder. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  69 

1865,  William  Silla,  Charles  Jones,  Charles  Rogers. 

1866,  Thomas  L.  Smith,  William  H.  Smith,  Andrew  J.  Mor- 

rill. 

1867,  Charles  Jones,  Charles  Rogers,  William  M.  Smith. 

1868,  Charles  Jones,  Charles  Rogers,  William  M.  Smith. 

1 869,  Charles  Jones,  Charles  Rogers,  William  M.  Smith. 

1870,  William  H.  Varney,  Joshua  Tukey,  William  S.  Cobb. 

1871,  William  H.  Varney,  Joshua  Tukey,  William  S.  Cobb. 

1872,  William  H.  Varney,  Charles  Jones,  William  M.  Smith. 

1873,  William  H.  Varney,  Charles  Jones,  William  M.  Smith. 
Selectmen  were  first  elected  by  written  votes  in  1812. 

All  prior  to  that  time  were  chosen  by  hand  vote. 

TOWN  PROPERTY. 

The  property  belonging  to  the  town  consists,  chiefly,  of 
a  poorhouse,  farm,  and  a  brick  Town  House.  The  farm  is 
one  of  the  best  in  the  town.  The  buildings  for  the  accom- 
modation of  the  poor  are  large  and  convenient,  and  reflect 
credit  upon  the  town.  The  Town  House  was  erected  in 
1833,  is  fifty  feet  long,  forty  feet  wide  and  thirteen  feet 
walls.  It  has  a  safe  for  the  deposit  of  the  town  records, 
of  the  safest  and  best  construction.  The  old  sixteenth  town 
in  the  State  has  a  safe  place,  for  her  records  and  a  conven- 
ient office  for  the  transaction  of  town  business.  At  a  town 
meeting  March  10,  1821,  it  was 

Voted,  That  whereas  Nathan  Goold  was  appointed  at  our 
last  annual  meeting  a  committee  to  procure  the  records  of 
the  proprietors  of  the  town  of  Windham,  and  he  having 
procured  the  same, 

Voted,  That  said  proprietors'  records  be  deposited  in  the 
Clerk's  office  of  the  town  of  Windham,  with  the  records  of 
said  town,  and  be  a  part  of  the  records  of  said  town  of 
Windham. 


70  HISTORY  OF  THE 

SEPARATION  OF  MAINE  FROM  MASSACHUSETTS. 

At  a  town  meeting,  July  26,  1819,  to  give  in  their  votes 
for  or  against  the  separation  of  the  District  of  Maine  from 
Massachusetts,  the  votes  were  52  for,  and  86  against  separ- 
ation. At  a  town  meeting  Sept.  20,  1819,  Noah  Read  and 
Josiah  Chute  were  chosen  delegates  to  the  convention  to  be 
holden  at  Portland,  October,  1819,  to  form  the  Constitution 
of  Maine.  At  a  town  meeting  Dec.  6,  1819,  to  vote  upon 
the  acceptance  of  the  Constitution,  the  votes  were  61  for, 
and  none  against  the  acceptance  of  the  Constitution. 

CENTENNIAL  CELEBRATION   OF   THE   FIRST   SETTLEMENT 
OF   WINDHAM,   JULY  4,    1839. 

The  celebration  commenced  as  usual  with  an  artillery 
salute  at  sunrise.  At  6  o'clock  a  procession  was  formed  at 
the  public  house  of  James  Greenough,  under  the  direction 
of  Gen.  Elias  Baker,  Chief  Marshal,  and  Daniel  W.  Dole 
and  Ezra  Brown,  Esqrs.,  Assistant  Marshals,  which  for 
numbers  is  seldom  equaled  in  any  place.  It  was  composed 
of  the  citizens  of  Windham  and  adjoining  towns.  A  large 
number  of  the  old  citizens  of  Windham  came  from  a 
distance  to  pay  tribute  to  the  memory  of  their  fathers.  Not 
the  least  imposing  part  of  the  procession  was  about  fifty 
young  ladies  from  the  choir  of  the  parish  church,  and  some 
others  selected  for  the  occasion,  dressed  in  white,  and  the 
chorister  at  their  head,  who  joined  the  procession  at  the 
church,  the  whole  escorted  by  Capt.  Albert  Leonard's 
company  of  light  infantry,  Windham,  Capt.  Samuel  Water- 
house's  company  of  riflemen,  Windham  and  Gorham,  and 
Capt.  Ames  Bettis'  company  of  infantry  in  uniform,  North 
Gorham.  Proceeded  through  the  village  to  a  grove  of  oaks 
in  the  rear  of  the  church,  which  was  prepared  for  the 
occasion.  After  an  impressive  prayer  by  Rev.  Mr.  Shepherd, 
and  an  anthem  and  hymn  were  sung,  the  historical  address 
was  delivered  by  Thomas  L.  Smith,  Esq.,  and  "was  an  able 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  71 

p 

and  finished  performance."  After  the  address,  an  original 
ode  was  sung  by  Dr.  C.  G.  Parsons,  leader  of  the  choir. 
After  the  benediction  the  procession  reformed  and  proceeded 
to  the  town  hall,  which  was  decorated  with  flags,  evergreens 
and  flowers.  Here  the  company  sat  down  to  an  elegant 
dinner,  prepared  by  Mr.  Greenough.  The  tables  were  loaded 
with  everything  that  could  be  wished  for. 

Hon.  John  Anderson,  President  of  the  day,  and  a  native 
citizen  of  the  town,  presided  at  the  tables,  assisted  by 
Moses  Little  and  Lucius  Whipple,  Esqs.,  Vice  Presidents. 
After  the  tables  were  cleared,  numerous  regular  and  volun- 
teer toasts  were  drank.  Calls  were  made  on  several  gentlemen 
from  other  towns,  which  were  promptly  responded  to  by 
pertinent  remarks  and  artillery  salutes. 

After  a  complimentary  toast,  the  President  of  the  day 
made  some  excellent  remarks,  in  which  he  said,  "  no  matter 
where  he  might  be  placed  by  Providence,  it  was  and  would 
be  his  wish  to  end  his  days  and  lay  his  remains  in  his  native 
town."  After  passing  several  hours  at  the  tables  very 
pleasantly  the  company  separated. 

ORDER  OF  EXERCISES 

AT  THE 

CENTENNIAL  CELEBRATION  OF  THE  FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  WIWDHAM, 
July  4,  1839. 

1.  Anthem — The  earth  is  the  Lord's. 

2.  Prayer — by  Rev.  J.  W.  Shepherd. 

3.  Music — Tune  and  Hymn  America. 

4.  Historical  Address — by  Thomas  L.  Smith,  Esq. 
6.  Poem — by  Dr.  Charles  G.  Parsons. 

MUSIC — NATIONAL  AIR. 

1.    One  hundred  years  ago, 
Our  fathers  faced  the  foe, 

And  claimed  our  soil. 
The  foreign  foe  has  fled, 
The  native  foe  is  dead, 
And  o'er  his  grave  we  tread 
To  share  the  spoil. 


HISTORY  OF  THE 

2.  When  Boston  called  for  aid, 
Hearty  response  was  made, 

And  Windham's  sons 
To  Bunker  Hill  then  rushed, 
To  see  the  tyrants  crushed, 
And  Britain's  threats  they  hushed 

With  Yankee  guns. 

3.  When  Brown,  by  Poland  slain, 
Winship  twice  scalped  was  lain, 

The  Indian  yell 
Triumphant  pierced  the  air ; 
But  Manchester  was  there 
Undaunted  by  a  fear, 

And  Poland  fell* 

4.  The  name  of  Manchester, 
His  numerous  children  hear 

Among  the  brave; 
And  Chute  and  Brown,  and  those 
Who  fell  to  conquer  foes, 
With  heroes  now  repose 

In  Freedom's  grave. 

6.    The  Pilgrim's  valor  spoke, 
Oppression's  rod  was  broke, 

And  Freedom  rose. 
Religion  gave  command, 
That  all  in  every  land 
Who  raised  oppression's  hand 

Are  Heaven's  foes. 

6.  Science  the  theme  inspired — 
Justice  the  bosom  fired — 

The  flame  truth  fanned. 
Philanthropy  loud  sung — 
Freedom  shall  dwell  among 
Each  nation — people — tongue — 

In  every  land. 

7.  Our  fathers  toiled  and  bled 
And  died — on  us  to  shed 

Sweet  Liberty. 
Hence  let  us  grateful  prove, 


*  Indian  chief  killed  at  "Windham  by  Manchester. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  73 

Their  deeds  and  memory  love, 
And  hand  them  down  to  move 
Posterity. 

8.  See  hills  and  dales  around, 
To  cultivated  ground 

From  wild-woods  spring. 
The  garden,  grove  and  field, 
Their  fruit  and  shade  now  yield, 
No  weapons  now  we  wield, 

No  war-song  sing. 

9.  The  day  we  celebrate 
Is  not  one  day  too  late 

For  us  to  tell 

The  deeds  our  sires  have  done. 
Let  ever}7  grateful  son, 
For  cent'ries  yet  to  come 

The  Anthem  swell. 

The  following  are  the  toasts  drank  at  the  preceding  cele- 
bration. 

REGULAR  TOASTS. 

1.  The  events  we  commemorate.     The  settlement  of  our 
town  and  the  birthday  of  our  freedom  ;  while  the  former  has 
redeemed  the  soil   from   the   dominion  of  the  forest,  the 
latter  has  liberated  the  people  from  the  thraldom  of  tyranny. 

2.  The  Pilgrim  Fathers  of  New  England.     Learning  and 
religion,  school  houses  and  churches,  were  the  first  objects 
of  their  regard.     By  the  institutions  which  they  founded, 
they  transmitted  to  their  posterity  richer  privileges  than 
any  people  enjoy  on  the  face  of  the  globe. 

3.  The  first  settlers  of  Windham.     Men  of  hard  hands, 
determined   minds,   and   honest   hearts.      They   were   the 
strong  oaks  and  tall  pines  of  the  primitive  forests.     Verily 
"there  were  giants  in  those  days." 

4. .  The  private  soldier  of  the  Revolution.  He  acted  as 
well  his  part  in  the  sphere  where  Providence  had  placed 
him,  as  did  the  master  spirits  who  directed  the  storm. 

5.     The  soldier  in  arms.     While  his  deeds  are  remembered,  • 


74  HISTORY  OP  THE 

the  sufferings  and  privations  of  his  family  at  home  should 
not  be  forgotten. 

6.  The  times  that  tried  men's  souls.     A  poll  tax  of  eight 
dollars  and  a  family  suffering  at  home. 

7.  Our  schools  and  seminaries  of  learning.     "  Education," 
says  an  eminent  British  statesman,  "  is  the  cheapest  defense 
of  nations." 

8.  Our  children   and  the   rising  generation.      If  rightly 
trained,  the  citizens  of  our  country  may  exclaim  with  the 
Roman  Matron,  "  these  are  my  jewels." 

9.  "  Southern   Rights  "  and  "  Northern   Rights.'1''      May 
they  never  be  ."  right  opposite." 

10.  Our  rulers  and  statesmen.     Render  to  all  their  dues, 
tribute  to  whom  tribute  is  due,  custom  to  whom  custom, 
honor  to  whom  honor. 

11.  The  next  century.     During  the  100  years  to  come, 
may  the  citizens  of  this  town  improve  as  much  in  mental 
and  moral  culture  as  the  face  of  the  earth  has  been  improved 
in  the  last  100  years  by  agriculture. 

12.  The  Constitutions  of  the  States^  and  the   Union  of  the 
States.     Let  them  be  inviolate. 

VOLUNTEER  TOASTS. 

By  Hon.  John  Anderson,  President  of  the  day : — While 
we  celebrate  the  hardy  enterprise  and  well  tried  courage  of 
our  ancestors,  so  well  narrated  this  day,  let  us  not  be 
unmindful  of  what  our  descendants  will  have  a  right  to 
expect  from  ourselves. 

By  Lucius  Whipple,  first  Vice  President : — The  memora- 
ble fourth.  The  day  on  which  the  tree  of  liberty  was  planted 
by  the  patriots  of  '76.  May  it  continue  to  flourish  until 
branches  extend  to  the  remotest  parts  of  the  earth.  «. 

By  Gen.  Elias  Baker,  Chief  Marshal: — The  militia  of 
Maine.  They  greeted  the  reception  of  the  General  Order 
in  February  last  with  one  united  huzza  for  their  right,  and 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  75 

they  united  in  maintaining  them,  and  -may  the  next  Legis- 
lature remember  that  they  are  the  safeguards  of  our  rights, 
and  reward  accordingly. 

By  Col.  Edward  Anderson : — Freedom  of  speech,  the  rights 
of  conscience,  and  universal  education.  The  main  pillars 
which  sustain  the  fabric  of  liberty. 

By  Thomas  Hawkes,  Esq. : — The  inhabitants  of  Windham. 
Like  their  forefathers,  united  they  stand,  divided  they  fall. 

By  Thomas  L.  Smith,  Orator  of  the  day: — The  State  of 
Maine.  May  she  ever  prove  herself  worthy  of  leading  the 
North  wing  of  the  Union,  and  may  Windham,  her  sixteenth 
daughter,  be  ever  ready  to  send  forth  her  Millions,  as  in  the 
Revolutionary  war,  to  fight  the  battles  of  liberty.* 

By  Dr.  Charles  G.  Parson,  the  President  of  the  day : — 
Our  distinguished  former  citizen,  Hon.  John  Anderson.  A 
legitimate  son  of  Windham.  May  the  mother  continue  to 
nourish  the  child,  and  the  child  never  desire  to  be  weaned. 

By  Caleb  Hodsdon,  Esq.,  former  citizen  of  Windham : — 
Our  Fathers.  Their  untiring  zeal,  fortitude  '  and  industry 
are  held  this  day  by  their  sons  in-  grateful  remembrance. 
Let  us  follow  their  example  and  imitate  their  virtues,  until 
we  all  meet  again  at  the  second  Centennial  Anniversary. 

By  Gen.  Daniel  Hall,  former  citizen  of  Windham: — 
Party  Spirit.  May  its  jealousies  die,  and  union  and  charity 
fill  the  void. 

By  Nathan  Hanson,  Esq.,  of  New  Portland,  a  native 
citizen  of  Windham : — The  Liberties  of  our  Country.  May 
they  never  be  obliterated  by  office  seekers  or  aspiring 
demagogues. 

By  Col.  William  Silla:—  The  Orator  of  the  Day.  Full  of 
patriotism,  diligently  searching  for  the  truth  ;  as  his  mind  is 


*  Windham,  16th  town  incorporated  in  the  State.     Robert  Millions,  a  soldier 
in  the  Revolutionary  war. 


76  HISTORY  OF  THE 

well    stored  with  useful   knowledge,    may  his  researches 
spread  for  the  benefit  of  the  world. 

CENTENNIAL  CELEBRATION  OF   THE    ORGANIZATION  OF  THE 
TOWN  OF  WINDHAM,  JULY  4,  1862. 

The  Fourth  of  July  will  be  memorable  in  the  annals  of 
Windham  as  an  occasion  of  much  interest.  The  resident 
sons  and  daughters  of  the  town,  and  hundreds  from  abroad, 
gathered  at  Windham  Hill  to  participate  in  the  exercises 
arranged  for  the  celebration.  The  meeting  was  called  to 
order  at  ten  o'clock,  and  the  following  gentlemen  were 
selected  as  officers :  Dr.  Charles  G.  Parsons,  President, 
Col.  Edward  Anderson  and  John  Webb,  Esq.,  Vice  Presi- 
dents, Peter  R.  Hall  and  William  Goold,  Esqrs.,  Secretaries. 
Dr.  Parsons  made  some  remarks  appropriate  to  the  day  and 
occasion.  He  bade  all  the  returned  sons  and  daughters  of 
Windham  welcome,  and  at  once  proceeded  to  the  exercises 
proper.  A  portion  of  scripture  was  read  by  Rev.  Mr. 
Wiswell,  of  Windham,  and  prayer  by  Rev.  Mr.  Whitcher, 
of  Falmouth:  Thomas  L.  Smith,  the  historian  of  the 
occasion,  gave  a  synopsis  of  the  principal  historical  events 
of  the  town,  at  the  close  of  which  he  said  the  relation  he 
had  given  of  the  historical  events  of  the  town  was  brief, 
and  the  transitions  abrupt.  He  could  not  be  more  elaborate 
or  minute  without  consuming  time  intended  for  others. 
You  will  be  addressed  on  the  present  occasion  by  his 
Excellency  John  A.  Andrew,  Governor  of  the  State  of 
Massachusetts — the  State  whose  eulogy  is  written  on  the 
battlefields  of  the  Revolution  and  of  the  present  gigantic 
Rebellion,  the  State  on  whose  Bunker  Hill  Prescott  fought 
and  Warren  fell. 

Windham  will  ever  rejoice  that  one  of  her  sons  has  been 
found  worthy  and  able  to  fill,  with  honor  to  himself  and 
honor  to  the  State,  the  office  filled  by  those  distinguished 
patriots,  Hancock  and  Adams. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  77 

The  Declaration  of  Independence  was  read  by  J.  W. 
Webb,  of  Gorham.  A  brief  address  was  then  delivered  by 
Judge  Davis,  of  Portland.  John  A.  Andrew,  Governor  of 
Massachusetts,  was  then  introduced.  He  addressed  the 
assembly  in  a  speech  of  marked,  ability  and  great  interest, 
in  which  he  said  "  I  am  here  simply  as  a  Windham  boy." 
That  he  could  not,  w.ere  he  to  try,  by  any  form  of  labored 
or  artistic  speech,  express  the  emotions  of  gratitude  with 
which  he  embraced  this  opportunity  to  make  one  of  the 
family  of  the  town  at  this  celebration.  He  expressed  his 
veneration  for  and  attachment  to  his  native  town  in  as 
impressive  language  as  the  first  settlers  of  the  colonies  did 
when  they  revisited  England :  "  England,  with  all  thy 
faults  I  love  thee  still."  This  address  closed  the  exercises, 
and  was  the  last  interview  between  Gov.  Andrew  and  the 
citizens  of  his  native  town. 

ERUPTION  OF  PONDS. 

Little  Sebago,  in  the  north  part  of  the  town,  is  a  pond  of 
considerable  magnitude,  divided  into  three  parts,  in  close 
proximity  to  each  other.  The  first,  or  main  pond,  is  partly 
in  Windham  and  partly  in  Gray.  It  was  separated  from 
the  second  pond  by  a  narrow  elevation  of  land  called  the 
ridge.  Tradition  says  a  man  by  the  name  of  John  Handy 
cut  a  passage  through  the  ridge  sufficient  to  float  a  boat, 
thereby  connecting  the  waters  of  the  ponds.  The  second 
was  nearly  separated  from  the  third  at  a  place  called  the 
Narrows.  The  length  and  width  of  these  ponds  cannot  be 
correctly  given,  not  having  been  obtained  by  admeasurement. 
The  second  pond  is  about  one-half  mile  in  length  and  one- 
fourth  mile  in  width.  The  third  pond  about  one  mile  in 
length  and  one-half  mile  in  width.  The  second  and  third 
ponds  were  wholly  in  Windham.  Col.  Edward  Anderson 
caused  an  artificial  outlet  to  be  made  from  the  south  end  of 


78  HISTOKY  OF  THE 

the  third  pond  into  Smith's  brook,  which  empties  into 
Pleasant  River,  for  the  purpose  of  supplying  the  mills  on 
that  river  with  an  additional  quantity  of  water.  This 
outlet  increased  in  size,  until  two  sawmills  were  erected 
upon  it.  June  4,  1814,  the  ^water  undermined  the  mill  dam, 
swept  it  and  the  mills  from  their  foundations,  disruptured 
the  bed  of  the  stream,  rent  with  irresistible  force  the  barriers 
of  nature,  and  forced  its  way  into  Pleasant  River,  a  tributary 
of  the  Presumpscot.  In  a  few  hours  the  outlet  was  increased 
50  feet  in  depth  and  200  feet  in  width.  This  great  body  of 
water,  which  had  been  confined  within  its  embankments 
from  time  immemorial,  rapidly  disappeared  and  was  soon 
swallowed  up  in  the  waters  of  the  Atlantic. 

The  sudden  eruption  of  this  great  body  of  water  carried 
away  one  saw  mill,  one  grist  mill,  and  four  bridges  on  Pleasant 
River,  and  Gambo  and  Mallison  Falls  bridges  on  the  Pre- 
sumpscot, overflowed  the  intervale  and  low  lands,  caused 
the  water  to  run  up  Pleasant  River  and  the  tributaries  of 
the  Presumpscot ;  and  caused  many  who  saw  the  laws  of 
nature  thus  reversed,  and  unacquainted  with  the  cause, 
to  believe  the  world  was  coming  to  an  end  instanter. 

Subsequently  a  dam  was  erected  at  the  Narrows,  the 
lower  end  of  the  second  pond,  and  mills  built.  May  7, 
1861,  the  dam  was  swept  away,  carrying  with  it  the  bridge 
and  one  saw  mill.  It  forced  its  way,  massive  as  a  mountain, 
and  wildly  rushing  as  a  cataract,  into  Pleasant  River, 
submerged  with  sand  and  debris  the  bridge  at  Merrill's 
Corner,  swept  away  the  bridge  at  George  Anderson's,  the 
bridge,  grist  mill,  dye  house,  fulling  mill  and  saw  mill, 
including  a  large  amount  of  machinery  for  the  manufacture 
of  lumber,  at  Pope's  Falls,  and  doing  considerable  damage 
to  the  mills  ;  swept  away  the  saw  mill  at  Allen's  Falls,  and 
the  bridges  at  Thomas  Mabury's  and  Hiram  C.  Loveitt's. 
After  its  entrance  into  the  Presumpscot,  it  carried  away 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  79 

the  bridge  at  Gambo  Falls  and  damaged  the  powder  mills ; 
carried  away  the  bridge  at  Little  and  Mallison's  Falls.  It 
then  passed  down  the  remainder  of  the  river  to  its  terminus 
at  the  ocean,  where  it  took  its  final  leave  of  Windham.  The 
damage  done  to  property  in  the  town  of  Windham  by  the 
breaking  out  of  the  last  mentioned  pond  was  appraised 
at  $35,000. 

PONDS. 

Nature  has  dealt  liberally  with  Windham  in  the  matter 
of  ponds.  The  Duck  Pond,  on  the  east  side  of  the  town,  is 
about  two  and  one-half  miles  long  and  one  mile  wide ;  is 
partly  in  Windham,  and  partly  in  Falmouthand  Westbrook. 
Little  Duck  Pond,  in  the  southeast  part  of  the  town,  is  one- 
half  mile  long  and  one-fourth  mile  wide.  Goose  Pond,  in 
the  northeast  corner  of  the  town,  one  and  one-fourth  miles 
long,  and  one-half  mile  wide,  is  two-thirds  in  Windham. 
The  northeast  corner  of  the  town  is  in  this  pond.  Little 
Sebago,  or  the  first  pond  of  the  three  by  that  name  in  the 
north  part  of  the  town,  is  a  pond  of  considerable  magnitude, 
about  one-third  in  Windham,  the  residue  in  Gray.  Lake 
Sebago  and  Basin  Pond  are  on  the  northwest  side  of  the 
town.  Lake  Sebago  is  estimated  to  be  fourteen  miles  long 
and  eight  wide,  and  Basin  Pond  two  miles  long  and  one-half 
mile  wide.  Turtle  Pond,  in  the  north  part  of  the  town,  is . 
about  one-half  mile  long  and  sixty  rods  wide.  Little  Duck 
Pond  and  Turtle  Pond  are  wholly  in  Windham.  The 
second  and  third  Little  Sebago  Ponds  were  before  their 
disruption. 

PRESUMPSCOT  RIVER. 

The  superiority  of  this  noble  river  over  all  others,  for 
mills  and  factories,  has  been  but  little  known.  Its  constant 
and  ample  supply  of  water  at  all  seasons  of  the  year,  its 
exemption  from  freshets,  drouths  and  damage  by  ice,  make 
it  one,  if  not  the  best,  river  in  the  State  for  mills.  On  many 


80  HISTORY  OF  THE 

other  rivers  vast  amounts  of  property  are  frequently  destroyed 
by  freshets,  and  mills  in  times  of  drouths  have  to  suspend 
operations. 

No  mill  has  ever  been  carried  away  or  seriously  damaged 
by  freshets  on  the  Presumpscot  River.  This  river  is  about 
25  miles  in  length  from  its  source  to  its  terminus  at  the  ocean. 
It  makes  a  part  of  the  boundary  line  between  Windham 
and  Standish  ;  the  entire  boundary  line  between  Windham 
and  Gorham.  This  river  has  18  falls  suitable  for  mills,  viz : 
Wescott's,  Eelwier,  Hubble,  Steep,  Harding's,  Great  Falls, 
Whitney's,  Island,  Dundy,  Loveitt's,  Gambo,  Little  Falls, 
Mallison  Falls,  two  at  Saccarappa,  one  at  Congin,  two  at 
Presumpscot  Falls.  The  inexhaustible  fountains  that  sup- 
ply this  river  with  a  constant  supply  of  water  at  all  seasons 
of  the  year  are  Long  Pond,  Brandy  Pond,  Lake  Sebago, 
and  Basin  Pond.  Long  Pond,  eleven  miles  long  and  two 
miles  wide,  discharges  its  waters  into  Brandy  Pond.  Brandy 
Pond,  four  miles  long  and  two  wide,  discharges  into  Lake 
Sebago.  Lake  Sebago,  fourteen  miles  long  and  eight  wide, 
discharges  into  Basin  Pond.  Basin  Pond,  two  miles  long 
and  one-half  mile  wide,  discharges  into  Presumpscot  River. 
A  factory,  for  the  manufacture  of  repellant  cloths,  was 
erected  in  1866,  which  is  doing  a  profitable  business  at 
Mallison  Falls.  The  Oriental  Powder  Company  is  doing  a 
large  business  in  the  manufacture  of  powder  at  Gambo 
Falls.  The  mills  at  Great  Falls  have  been  destroyed  by  fire. 

PLEASANT  RIVER. 

This  river  runs  through  the  town  from  Gray  to  its  inter- 
section with  the  Presumpscot  River  below  Loveitt's  Falls. 
It  has  four  falls  suitable  for  mills,  Huston's,  Anderson's, 
Pope's  and  Allen's.  At  Huston's  Falls  are  mills  for  making 
shook  and  sawing  various  kinds  of  timber.  At  Pope's  Falls 
are  mills  for  manufacturing  cloths  and  carding  wool,  mill 


TOWN  OP  WINDHAM.  81 

for  grinding  corn,  and  saw  mills  for  manufacturing  all  kinds 
of  lumber.  On  Ditch  Stream  Elijah  Varney  has  a  mill  for 
threshing  grain  and  sawing  shook.  At  Elder's  Falls  are 
mills  for  sawing  and  manufacturing  all  kinds  of  lumber. 

SCHOOLS. 

The  inhabitants  of  Windham  have  ever  manifested  great 
interest  in  the  prosperity  of  their  schools.  At  a  town  meet- 
ing October  ye  7th,  1765,  it  was  voted,  "  that  a  school  be 
kept  in  the  town  of  Windham  till  the  next  annual 
meeting."  March  26,  1766,  also  voted,  that  twenty-six 
pounds  be  allowed  to  pay  a  schoolmaster  till  March  meet- 
ing next.  Samuel  Webb  taught  the  first  school  in  the  town 
in  1743.  Benjamin  Moody  taught  school  in  this  town  in 
1772,  and  John  Patterson  in  1773.  These  were  the  venera- 
ble schoolmasters  of  the  "  olden  times." 

The  town  has  voted  the  following  sums  for  the  support 
of  schools.  In  1770,  £30  ;  in  1780,  £400  ;  in  1790,  £40 ; 
in  1800,  .£100 ;  in  1810,  $700 ;  in  1820,  $946 ;  in  1830, 
•f  1,046  ;  in  1840,  $1,000  ;  in  1850,  $1,200  ;  in  1860,  $1,450  ; 
in  1870,  $2,634.  New  school  houses  have  recently  been 
built  in  Districts  No.  1,  2,  9,  15, 16, 17  and  19,  which  reflect 
great  credit  upon  the  districts  to  which  they  belong. 

NUMBER  OF  SCHOOL   DISTRICTS  AND   SCHOLARS  IN  1840  AND  1872. 

No.                                                                                 1840.  1872. 

1  Anderson's, 40  40 

2  Little  Falls, 52  60 

3  Gambo, 56  59 

4  Mabury 's, 27  23 

5  Windham  Hill, 40  34 

6  District  adjoining  the  Duck  Pond, 63  66 

7  Kenard's, 64  5 

8  District  adjoining  Gray 68  30 

9  Dole's, 18  36 

10  Ireland, * 65  27 

11  Scotland, 37  38 

12  Canadallill, 15  16 

6 


82  HISTORY  OF  THE 

13  Plains, 62  64 

14  Windham  Upper  Corner, 65  79 

15  Windham  Centre 64  56 

16  Pope's 57  66 

17  Great  Falls,.. 34  28 

18  District  adjoining  Raymond, 7  31 

19  Anthoine's, 28 

884  776 

POPULATION. 

Windham  is  one  of  the  oldest  towns  in  the  State.  It  is 
the  sixteenth  town  incorporated  in  the  State.  Windham  is 
almost  exclusively  an  agricultural  town.  There  has  never 
been  any  rapid  increase  or  diminution  of  population.  The 
population  at  different  periods,  was  in  1759,  29  families ;  in 
1762,  39  families  ;  in  1764,  250  inhabitants ;  in  1790,  938 ;  in 
1800, 1,329 ;  in  1810, 1,630 ;  in  1820, 1,793 ;  in  1830, 2,186 ;  in 
1840,2,274;  in  1850,2,380  ;  in  1,860,  2,635  ;  in  1870,  2,426. 
It  will  be  seen  by  the  census  returns  that  there  was  a  grad- 
ual increase  in  every  decade  prior  to  1860.  In  the  decade 
from  1860  to  1870  there  was  a  decrease  in  population  of 
209  ;  17  of  the  24  towns  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  have 
decreased  in  the  aggregate  2,304.  The  increase  of  popula- 
tion in  the  city  of  Portland  and  other  towns  has  been  from 
other  than  farming  employments. 

DIVISION    AND    QUANTITY    OF    LAND    IN    THE    TOWNSHIP. 

1st  Division,  63  Ten  Acre  Lots, 630 

2d        "          63  Ten  Acre  Lots, 630 

3d        "          63  One  hundred  acre  lots, 6,300 

4th        "        126  One  hundred  acre  lots, 12,600 

•  5th        "          63  Seventy-three  acre  lots, 4,599 


24,759 

24,759  4-  63  =  393,  each  proprietor's  share. 

For  some  unexplained  reason,  the  proprietors,  in  number- 
ing the  divisions  of  land,  call  the  second  division  of  ten  acre 
.lots  the  first  division,  thereby  leaving  out  the  first  division 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  83 

of  ten  acre  lots.     This  method  of  computation  does  not  give 
the  quantity  of  land  in  the  township  by  630  acres. 

ROADS. 

Main,  or  river  road,  runs  through  the  town  on  a  parallel 
line  with,  and  one-half  mile  distant  from  Presumpscot  River 
to  Basin  Pond,  then  on  the  eastern  side  of  Basin  Pond  and 
Lake  Sebago  to  Raymond  line.  Distance  from  Westbrook 
line  to  Duck  Pond  road,  adjoining  John  F.  Anderson's  farm, 
one  mile,  sixty  rods  ;  from  Duck  Pond  road  to  Gambo  road, 
two  miles,  317  rods ;  from  Gambo  road  to  Great  Falls  road, 
three  miles,  125  rods  ;  from  Great  Falls  road  to  Windham 
Upper  Corner,  two  miles,  168  rods ;  from  Windham  Upper 
Corner  to  Raymond  line,  three  miles,  175  rods.  Total  length 
thirteen  miles,  202  rods  ;  this  was  the,  first  road  located  in 
the  town. 

ROAD  FROM  WINDHAM  UPPER  CORNER  TO  ANTHOINE  ROAD. 

Length,  from  Windham  Upper  Corner  to  Merrill's  Corner, 
two  miles,  245  rods ;  from  Merrill's  Corner  to  Anthoine 
road,  two  miles,  113  rods.  Total  length  five  miles,  thirty-eight 
rods. 

COUNTY  ROAD  FROM  GORHAM  TO  WESTBROOK. 

'  This  road  runs  through  the  center  of  the  town,  and 
divides  the  town  into  two,  nearly  if  not  quite,  equal  parts. 
Distance  from  Great  Falls  to  Windham  Hill,  one  mile,  106 
rods  ;  from  Windham  Hill  to  Windham  Center,  one  mile,  10 
rods  ;  from  Windham  Center  to  Anthoine  road,  one  mile,  203 
rods ;  from  Anthoine  road  to  Westbrook  line,  one  mile,  278 
rods.  Total  length  five  miles,  277  rods. 

ROAD  FROM  GORHAM  TO  GRAY. 

This  road  runs  through  the  town  from  Gorham  to  Gray,  a 
northeasterly  course.  Distance  from  Little  Falls  to  Cyrus 
H.  Allen's,  one  mile,  fifteen  rods ;  from  Allen's  to  Henry 


84  HISTORY  OF  THE 

Robinson's,  229  rods  ;  from  Robinson's  to  John  Hamilton's, 
214  rods ;  from  Hamilton's  to  Windham  Center,  one  mile, 
seven  rods  ;  from  Windham  Center  to  Merrill's  Corner,  318 
rods ;  from  Merrill's  to  Baker's  Corner,  one  mile,  226  rods  ; 
from  Baker's  Corner  to  Gray  line,  one  mile,  286  rods.  Total 
distance  eight  miles,  160  rods  ;  greatest  length  of  the  town 
thirteen  miles,  240  rods  ;  greatest  width  five  miles,  267  rods. 
• 

PORTLAND    AND    OGDENSBURG    RAILROAD. 

Five  miles  of  this  road  are  in  Windham.  It  enters  the 
south  end  of  the  town,  runs  on  a  parallel  line  with  the 
Presumpscot  River  to  Gambo  Falls.  It  then  diverges  to  a 
westerly  course  and  crosses  the  Presumpscot  River  into  the 
town  of  Gorham.  The  first  train  of  cars  passed  over  this 
road  from  Portland  to  Lake  Sehago,  Sept.  12,  1870. 

This  is  the  first  railroad  in  Windham.  A  considerable 
business  is  done  at  their  depot  in  South  Windham.  From 
Sept.  28,  1872,  to  April  1,  1873,  eight  hundred  tons  of 
pressed  hay  have  been  transported  by  rail  from  South 
Windham  depot  to  Boston. 

EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  ANCIENT  TOWN  RECORDS. 

1765.  Voted,  That  Peter  Cobb,  Z.  Hune well,  and  Curtis 

Chute  be  Way  Wardens. 

"          Voted,  To  allow  men  thirty  shillings,  old  tenor,  per 
day,  for  laboring  on  the  highways. 

1766.  Voted,  To  allow  Thomas  Mayberry  fifteen  pounds, 

Abraham  Anderson,  eighteen  pounds,  and 
John  Farrar,  eighteen  pounds,  old  tenor,  for 
expenses  of  Mr.  Peter  T.  Smith's  ordination. 

1767.  Voted,  That  Peter  Cobb  be  Selectman  in  the  room 

of  Curtis  Chute,  who  was  killed  at  Falmouth 
(Portland),  by  lightning,  June  4,  1767. 
1771.     Voted,  That  John  Stevens  and  Nathaniel  Evans  be 
informers  of  deer  and  moose  the  present  year. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  85 

1771.  William   Elder,  Amos  Brown  and  Richard 

Dole  took  the  money  oath. 
1774.      Voted,  That  Richard  Mayberry  be  Captain,  David 

Barker,  Lieutenant,  and  Joseph  Swett,  Ensign 

the  present  year. 
"          Voted,  That  Hateevil  Hall  be  hog  reeve  the  present 

year. 
"          Voted,  To  accept  the  report  of  the  committee  to  the 

town  of  Boston,  in  answer  to  their  letters  to 

this  town  relating  to  Bohe  tea. 

1776.  Voted,  To  choose  one  Captain  and  two  Lieutenants 

for  the  first  company  of  the  Fourth  Regiment, 
whereof  Timothy  Pike,  Esq.,  is  Colonel.  4 

1777.  Cumberland,  ss.    Windham,  January  22, 1777.    This 

may  certify  that  I,  Margaret  Mayberry,  admin- 
istratrix, hath  received  twenty  pounds  of  my 
negro  man  named  Lonnon,  it  being  the  sum 
of  his  appraisal  of  Mr.  Thomas  Mayberry's 
estate,  and  I  hereby  certify  that  the  above 
named  Lonnon  is  free  and  his  own  man. 

Witness,  Richard  Dole,  MARGARET  MAYBERRY. 

Joseph  Weeks. 

1777.  Drawed  Jonathan  Hanson  out  of  the  inferior 

box. 

1781.  Voted,  To  give  fifty  dollars  a  day  for  a  man,  and 

fifty  dollars  a  day  for  a  yoke  of  oxen,  to  work 
on  the  highways  this  year. 

1782.  Voted,  Eighteen  thousand  pounds  (160,000)  to  clear 

and  repair  highways. 

"         Voted,  Forty  shillings  silver  money  per  head,  to  any 
person  for  killing  wolves. 

1783.  Voted,  To  allow  two  pounds  for  a  wolve's  head. 
1795.     Voted,  To  see  if  the  town  will  take  some  method  to 

get  rid  of  Hannah  Starbird. 


80  HISTORY  OF  THE 

1795.  Voted,  To  set  Hannah  Starbird  up  at  vendue. 

Exit  Hannah  Starbird. 

LAWYERS. 

Joseph  Pope  opened  an  office  in  this  town,  for  the  practice 
of  law,  in  1803,  since  which  Barker  Curtis,  Asa  Mitchell, 
Hezekiah  Frost,  Thomas  Amory  Deblois,  John  Eveleth, 
David  P.  Baker,  Peter  R.  Hall,  Thaddeus  S.  Chase,  Freeland 
A.  Staples,  T.  S.  Brigham,  John  C.  Cobb,  John  O.  Winship 
have  practiced  law  in  Windhaui. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Doctor  Caleb  Rhea  was  the  first  physician  in  this  town. 
He  came  from  Danvers,  Mass.,  to  Windham,  in  1785-6,  and 
practiced  in  his  profession  until  his  death.  Died  Dec.  29, 

1796,  aged  39  }'-ears.     Doctor  James  Paine  was  the  second 
physician.     He  came  from  Limerick,  York  County,  to  this 
town,  in  1797,  and  practiced  in  his  profession  until  1818, 
when  his  health  failed.     He  gave  up  his  profession,  removed 
to  Portland,  and  resided  there  until  his  death,  which  occured 
Feb.  22,  1822,  aged  63  years. 

Doctors  Folsom,  Calvin  How,  Jacob  Hunt,  James  Merrill, 
John  Waterman,  S.  W.  Baker,  Charles  G.  Parsons,  Joseph 
Addison  Parsons,  Seth  C.  Hunkins,  Lewis  W.  Houghton, 
T.  S.  Weston,  James  P.  Webb,  George  L.  Kilgore,  Bertram 
F.  Dunn,  Eli  Edgcornb,  Isaiah  Hedge,  Silas  E.  Sylvester, 
Roscoe  G.  Millikin,  Frank  Carter,  F.  A.  Harris,  John  Swan 
and  James  M.  Buzzell,  have  practiced  medicine  in  Windham. 

INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

The  Windham  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company  was  in- 
corporated Feb.  15,  1859.  This  company  has  been  very 
fortunate,  not  having  any  losses  by  fires  for  several  years, 
and  is  in  a  prosperous  condition. 


TOWN  OP  WINDHAM.  87 

FREEMASONS'  LODGE. 

This  lodge  was  organized  Nov.,  1864  ;  John  R.  Rollins  was 
the  first  Master ;  has  85  members.  Their  hall  at  Windham 
Hill  was  erected  in  1866.  The  author  is  unable  to  do  justice 
to  this  Masonic  order,  never  having  been  a  spectator  at  one 
of  their  meetings. 

POST  OFFICES. 

The  first  post  office  in  Windham  was  established  in  1798, 
at  Windham  Hill.  Colonel  Edward  Anderson  was  the  first 
postmaster,  since  which  one  was  established  at  Little  Falls, 
South  Windham,  in  1828,  of  which  Jonathan  Andrew  was 
the  first  postmaster  ;  one  at  Windham  Upper  Corner  (North 
Windham),  of  which  Daniel  S.  Littlefield  was  first  post- 
master ;  one  at  Windham  Center  in  1872,  Fred  S.  Hawkes 
first  postmaster.  . 

NAMES  OF  AGED  PERSONS  WHO  DIED  IN  WINDHAM. 

Eleanor  Cobbey,  101.  Robert  Martin,  100.  Nathaniel 
tevans,  99.  Mrs.  Sarah  Rogers  (1827),  98.  Jonathan 
Wilson,  (1823),  86,— his  wife  Mary  (1838),  97.  David 
Purrington  (1816),  84— his  wife  Sarah  (1830),  96.  Thomas 
Trott  (1821),  91,— his  wife  Sarah  (1837),  97.  Matthew 
Tobey  (1810),  96— his  wife  Elizabeth  (1816),  83.  Amos 
Hawkes  (1826),  94,— his  wife  Deborah  (1818),  83.  Peter 
T.  Smith  (1826),  96.  Zaccheus  Allen  (1829),  93.  Mrs. 
Eunice  Stevens  (1800),  96.  Mrs.  Sarah  Swett  (1819),  92. 
Stephen  Manchester  (1813),  92, — his  wife  Mary,  81.  Mrs. 
Rachel  Buffom,  90.  Thomas  Bolton,  90.  Mrs.  Martha 
Mayberry,  90.  Mrs.  Anna  Hawkes  (1797),  92.  James 
Hawkes  (1828),  93.  Andrew  Dennis,  90— his  wife  Eliz- 
abeth, 84.  Mrs.  Mary  Cook,  91.  Israel  Hodsdon  (1832),  91, 
—his  wife  Mary  (1827),  81.  George  Crockett  (1834),  90. 
ZerubbabelHunnewell  (1803),  89,— his  wife  Hannah  (1791), 
80.  John  A.  Knight  (1834),  81.  Mrs.  Sarah  Lowell 


88  HISTORY  OF  THE 

(1833),  84.  Mrs.  Sarah  Knapp,  87.  Jonah  Austin  (1834), 
80,— his  wife  Sarah  (1837),  80.  Nathaniel  Jordon  (1829), 
84.  Margaret  Mugford  (1833) ,  81.  John  Stevens,  85,— 
his  wife  Elizabeth,  84.  John  Brown  (1836),  80.  Thomas 
Chute  (1770),  80.  William  Mayberry  [C.  B.]  (1829),  84. 
Mrs.  Ann  Anderson  (1801),  85.  Samuel  Webb,  80.  Mrs. 
Lois  Graffam  (1804),  83.  Mrs.  Rebecca  Hunnewell  (1830), 
83.  Bathsheba  Mayberry,  85.  Mrs.  Mary  Elkins,  84.  Jacob 
Elliott  (1819),  84.  Mrs.  Lydia  Lowell,  84.  Jonathan  Stevens 
(1821),  80.  Jonathan  Hanson  (1818),  80.  Isaac  Hardy 
(1821),  85,— his  wife  Susannah  (1822),  86.  John  Webb 
(1835),  85.  Thomas  Barker  (1806),  80,— his  wife  Eunice 
(1809),  80.  Elijah  Pope  (1828),  85.'  Mrs.  Elizabeth  South- 
wick  (1818),  80.  Abraham  Osgood  (1816),  87.  Paul  Stone 
(1831),  86.  Richard  Dole  (1825),  89.  John  Mayberry,  [B] 
'88.  Mrs.  Rachel  Bolton  (1813),  84.  Mrs.  Hannah  Hanson 
(1827),  84.  John  Bodge  (1798),  84.  Samuel  Elkins,  84. 
John  Morrell  (1817),  85.  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Crague  (1810), 

83.  Mrs.  Jane  Mclntosh  (1826),  81.    Joseph  Riggs  (1806)1 
86,— his  wife  Anna  (1812),  86.     Thomas  Kenard  (1818), 

84.  Elisha  Handy,  80.     Mrs.  Mary  Bolton,  88.     Samuel 
Kenard  (1817),  85,— his  wife  Elizabeth  (1815),  83.     Wm. 
Proctor    (1806),    84.     Stephen    Hutchinson,    85, — his   son 
Stephen  (1826),  85,— his  wife  Elizabeth  (1827),  85.    Lieut. 
Wallace,    80.     Joseph   Griffin,    85.      Mrs.    Anna   Johnson 
(1838),  87.     Mrs.  Abigail  Hooper  (1798),  80.     Mrs.  Ellen 
Holmes  (1833),  81.     Robert  Mugford  (1781),  81,— his  wife 
Mary   (1796),    80.      Robert   Mugford   (1836),    80.     John 
Ingersol   (1811),   81,— his   wife  .Lydia   (1825),  85.     John 
Chase  (1829),  81.     Abraham  Anderson  (1844),  86.     Mrs. 
Sarah  Smith  (1854),   88.     Noah  Read  (1844),  88.     Mrs. 
Mary  Chute  (1843),  80.     Lemuel  Jones  (1845),  87.     Mrs. 
Mary  Chase  (1845),  90.     Mrs.  Mary  Anderson  (1846),  96. 
John  Rogers  (1847),  83.    Joshua  Berry  (1847),  80.    Ezekiel 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  89 

Hanson  (1848),  80.    Paul  Little,  (1849),^82.    Josiah  Webb, 
(1849),  84.     Paul  Stone  (1849),  81,— his  wife  Ann  (1855), 

87.  Mrs.  Sarah  Cobb  (1849),  94.     Nathan  Pope  (1859),  84. 
Abijah  Purington  (1850),  84.     Ebenezer  Allen  (1851),  84. 
Timothy  Robinson  (1851),  84,— his  wife  Siloam  (1853),  89. 
Lemuel   Horton  '(1851),    90.     Amos   Hawkes  (1852),  92. 
Ichabod  Hanson  (1853),  89,— his  wife  Anna  (1853),  92. 
Mrs.  Sarah  Sweat,  (1819),  92.  Gershom  Manchester  (1853), 
93.     Mrs.  Abigail  Elder,  (1853),  88.     Meshach  Purington 
(1853),  82.  Timothy  Hanson,  (1855),  79,— his  wife  Rebeccah 
(1858),  84.     Mrs.  Betsey  Bodge   (1860),  84.     Mrs.  Anna 
Fields  (1857),  92.     Mrs.  Olive  Freeman  (1857),  84.     John 
Chute,  grandson  of  Thomas  Chute,  died  in  Naples  (1857), 
90.     John  Lowell  (1859),  84.     Benjamin  Hawkes  (1859), 

88.  Mrs.    Mary   Goodale    (1861),    80.      Robert   Millions 
(1816),   84,— his  wife  Molly  (1820),   87,— their  daughter 
Anna,  aged  92, — their  son  Thomas  (1847),  83, — their  daugh- 
ter Martha  (1849),  88,— their  son  Robert  (1856),  87,— their 
daughter  Mary,  (1861),  88.     Mrs.  Mary  Sweat  (1863),  83. 
Mrs.  Huldah  White  (1865),  89.    Mrs.  Mary  Haskell,  (1863) 
93.     Charles  Johnson  (1865),  88.     John  Gallison,  (1864), 
84.     Daniel  B.  Ingersol,   (1864),  88.     Timothy  Robinson 
(1865),  80.     Francis  Small  (1865),  80.     Mrs.  Mary  Bar- 
bour  (1866),  82.     Mrs.  Nash  (1866),  89.     Joseph  Hanson 
(1866),  86.     Moses  Little   (1866),  84.     Mrs.  Betsey  Goold 
(1866),  85.     James  Lovett  (1867),  84.    Asa  Center,  (1868) 
84.     Isaac  Stevens  (1869),  82.     William  Cobb  (1869),  84. 
Andrew  D.  Maybury  (1869),  91.    Mrs.  Sally  Mabury  (1869), 
86.     Miss  Sally  Chase,  aged  85.     Mrs.  Sarah  Rogers  (1827), 
97.     Abraham  Anderson,   Jr.,   (1859),  80.     Mrs.   Jackson 
(1860),  81.     John  Hunnewell  (1861),  91.     Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Webb  Mabury  (1866),  98.     Mrs.  Mary  Hanson  (1868),  91. 
Mrs.  Eunice   Mclntosh    (1870),    83.      Mrs.  Lydia  Boody 
(1872),  84.     Mrs.  Rebecca  Eveleth  (1872),  81.     Stephen 


90  HISTORY  OF  THE 

Hanson  (1872),  82.  Mrs.  Anna  Manchester  (1849),  82. 
Mrs.  Mary  Manchester  (1821),  90.  Jacob  Pettingill  (1871), 
86, — his  wife  Rebecca  (1873),  83.  Mrs.  Betsey  Somes 
(1872),  88.  Mrs.  Rachel  McDonald  (1861).  William 
Motley  (1845,)  80.  Abraham  Nason  (1846),  86.  Josiah 
Clark,  (1855),  85.  John  Rogers  (1847),  81.  Mrs.  Bethiah 
Hathaway  (1865),  80.  Elijah  Kennard  (1843),  88. 

CEMETERIES. 

NO.  OF  CEMETERIES  AND  THE  DISTRICTS  IN  WHICH  THEY  ARE  LOCATED. 

No.    1         District  2  No.  10         District  5 

"2  "2  "    11  "       2 

"3  "       3  "    12  4J       1 

"4  "       1  "    13  "       3 

"5  "1  "    14  "       1 

"     6  "2  "    15  "       3 

"7  "4  "    16  "       1 

"     8  "4  "    17  "       1 

"      9  "3 

Eight  of  these  are  town  cemeteries. 

These  cemeteries  do  not  include  all  that  are  interred  in 
the  town.  The  first  persons  buried  in  Windham  are  on 
home  lot  No.  32,  about  twenty  rods  from  Presumpscot 
River.  They  are  the  first  wife  of  Stephen  Manchester,  a 
brother  of  hers  (Farrar)  and  a  child.  Since  which,  Doctor 
Caleb  Rhea  was  buried  on  the  Rhea  farm,  Levi  Cram  on 
the  Cram  farm,  and  Mrs.  Knights,  wife  of  Nathaniel  Knights, 
and  her  child,  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  John  J.  Bodge, 
and  some  others  in  other  localities. 

The  Smith  Cemetery,  in  District,  No.  1,  contains  the 
remains  of  nearly  all  the  first  settlers  in  the  town  for  many 
years  from  the  first  settlement.  Rev.  John  Wight,  the 
first  congregational  minister,  was  the  first  person  interred  in 
this  cemetery.  There  are  three  tombs  in  this  cemetery ; 
the  first  is  Rev.  Peter  T.  Smith's  family  tomb,  the  first  in 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  91 

the  town  ;  the  second  is  Hon.  John  Anderson's  family  tomb, 
erected  in  1854  by  his  family,  They  also  purchased  and 
donated  to  the  town  a  large  and  valuable  addition  of  land 
to  this  cemetery.  The  third  is  a  receiving  tomb,  erected  in 
1872,  by  the  Union  circle,  and  is  the  first  receiving  tomb  in 
the  town. 

Thomas  Manchester,  son  of  Stephen  Manchester,  was  the 
first  child  born  in  Windham  ;  he  was  born  in  1739.  Nancy 
Mabury,  daughter  of  William  Mabury,  the  second  settler  in 
the  town,  was  the  second  child,  and  first  female  birth  in 
Windham  ;  born  May  28,  1740 ;  died  Feb.  12,  1808.  Her 
remains  are  interred  in  the  cemetery  in  District  No.  2,  on 
the  farm  formerly  owned  by  Paul  Little,  Esq.  The  author 
was  present  at  her  burial. 

Windham  is  an  agricultural  town.  Agriculture  is  the 
principal  employment.  The  soil  is  excellent  for  farming 
purposes.  There  are  some  plains  land  in  the  north  part  of 
the  town,  and  several  high  elevations  of  land.  The  princi- 
pal is  Canada  Hill,  in  the  south  part  of  the  town  ;  Windham 
and  Jones'  Hills  near  the  center  of  the  town  ;  Kenard's  and 
Manchester's  Hills  in  the  north  part  of  the  town.  Libby's 
Hill,  at  the  north  end  of  the  Duck  Pond,  is  a  high  elevation, 
and  affords  an  extensive  view  of  the  adjacent  localities. 
There  are  inexhaustible  quantities  of  granite  ledge  in  some 
parts  of  the  town.  The  most  noted  is  the  Chesley  ledge,  in 
the  south  part  of  the  town.  Nearly  all  the  stone  used  in 
the  construction  of  buildings  and  bridges  in  the  town  of 
Gorham  came  from  this  ledge.  Stone  from  this  ledge  has 
been  transported  to  Scarborough  and  Portland.  A  part  of 
the  stone  in  the  First  Parish  Church  in  Portland,  and  a 
part  of  the  stone  in  the  Custom  House  prior  to  the  present 
one,  came  from  this  ledge.  Nathaniel  and  Isaac  Cobb  got  the 
stone  for  the  vault  of  the  Passamaquoddy  Bank  from  this 
ledge.  There  are  seven  grocery  stores,  two  hotels,  five 


92  HISTORY  OF  THE 

blacksmiths,  four~carriage  makers,  one  tannery,  several  man- 
ufacturers of  boots  and  shoes,  joiners  and  other  mechanics, 
and  as  many  good  instructors  of  schools  as  any  other  town. 

EXTRANEOUS  MATTER. 

The  period  of  time  from  1861  to  1873,  will  ever  be 
memorable  in  American  history  for  a  combination  of  events  of 
unparalleled  magnitude,  such  as  has  never  occurred  before, 
and  may  never  occur  again,  during  the  life  of  any  now  living. 
During  that  period  there  has  been  a  civil  war  in  the  United 
States,  of  four  years'  duration ;  a  war  that  called  into 
military  service  more  than  3,000,000  men,  a  greater  num- 
ber of  men  than  any  war  that  has  occurred  in  any  nation, 
in  any  age  of  the  world ;  a  war  that  is  estimated  to  have 
cost  the  nation  500,000  lives,  and  from  eight  to  nine  billions 
of  dollars.  In  magnitude,  in  expense,  and  in  the  lives  it 
cost,  it  surpasses  all  preceding  wars  combined,  and  furnished 
the  world  with  one  of  the  most  awful  examples  of  the  folly 
and  wickedness  of  war. 

The  fire  which  occurred  in  Portland,  July  4,  1866,  swept 
over  an  area  of  nearly  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres,  pouring 
a  river  of  fire  through  the  most  compact  part  of  the  city, 
three-quarters  of  a  mile  in  length,  with  an  average  width  of 
nearly  half  a  mile.  More  than  one-third  part  of  Portland 
was  laid  in  ashes.  Most  of  the  public  buildings  were 
destroyed.  Fifteen  hundred  buildings  were  laid  in  ashes,, 
and  over  ten  thousand  of  the  population  were  turned  into 
the  streets,  houseless.  The  probable  loss  was  six  million 
dollars. 

The  fire  in  Boston,  Nov.  9  and  10, 1872,  burnt  over  sixty- 
five  acres  of  the  most  compact  part  of  the  city.  The 
estimated  loss  by  the  fire  is  eighty-two  million  dollars, 
being  sixteen  times  greater  than  the  loss  in  Portland. 

The  fire  in  Chicago,  Oct.  8,  9  and  10,  1871,  destroyed 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  93 

property  to  the  amount  of  $105,000,000,  being  123,000,000 
greater  than  the  loss  in  Boston. 

In  January,  1873,  four  hundred  persons  were  frozen  to 
death  in  Minnesota  and  that  region,  by  the  unprecedented 
depth  of  snow  and  intense  cold  weather. 

April,  1873,  the  steamship  Atlantic  struck  on  a  reef  of 
rocks  near  Halifax.  She  had  on  board  976  persons,  546  of 
whom  were  lost ;  the  greatest  loss  by  any  one  vfissel  on 
the  continent  of  America. 

In  addition  to  the  preceding  calamities,  the  fire  at  Great 
Falls,  Windham,  July  4,  1873,  destroyed  the  saw  mill,  corn 
and  flour  mills,  and  a  large  amount  of  machinery  for  various 
purposes,  belonging  to  the  estate  of  Enoch  White.  Also  the 
chair  factory,  dwelling  house,  a  large  amount  of  various 
kinds  of  machinery  and  other  property,  belonging  to  Charles 
L.  Wright.  The  loss  by  this  fire  was  nearly  if  not  quite 
equal  to  the  combined  loss  of  all  buildings  by  fire  in  the  town 
of  Windham  prior  to  1872. 


THE  DYING  SOLDIER  TO  HIS  MOTHER. 

I'm  dying,  Mother,  dying ; 
Life's  blood  is  ebbing  fast. 
The  comrades  round  me  lying, 
Have  already  gone  to  rest. 
I  soon  shall  join  the  number 
Of  patriots  true  and  brave, 
Who  now  so  calmly  slumber 
Within  a  soldier's  grave. 

But  grieve  not,  darling  Mother, 

'  Tib  not  so  hard  to  die, 

And  though  you're  alone  now,  Mother, 

There's  yet  a  God  on  high, 

Who  guards  each  little  sparrow, 

And  shields  each  helpless  worm, 

Will  surely  heal  your  sorrow, 

And  keep  you  from  all  harm. 


94  HISTORY  OF  THE 

Forgive  each  harsh  word  spoken  ; 
Forgive  each  unkind  thought. 
The  worldly  spell  is  broken, 
A  heavenly  change  is  wrought. 
I'll  he  in  spirit  near  thee — 
Will  whisper  words  of  love 
Until  the  angels  hear  thee 
,  To  the  bright  realms  above. 

There  we  shall  see  each  other, 

Again  to  part  no  more. 

In  Heaven  I'll  meet  thee,  Mother, 

To  love  thee  evermore. 

My  eyes  grow  dim  and  closing  ; 

Death's  messenger  they  hail, 

I  go — in  death  reposing — 

Say,  Mother  dear,  "  farewell." 


T  ime,  like  a  shadow  fled, 
H  as  numbered  with  the  dead 

0  ur  brief  span  of  life — 
M  uch  joy,  sorrow,  strife. 
A  s  bubbles  rise  and  fall, 

S  o  will  the  future  be  to  all ; 

L  et  all  the  glories  of  the  past 

S  bine  in  the  future  to  the  last. 
M  ay  truth  and  justice  rule  the  day 

1  n  future  as  the  ages  pass  away, 

T  ill  all  mankind  enjoy  a  glorious  rest — 
H  ave  all  forever  blessing,  and  forever  blest. 


DEATHS  BY  LIGHTNING. 

Curtis  Chute,  son  of  Thomas  Chute,  the  first  settler  in 
the  town,  was  killed  by  lightning  at  Falmouth  (now  Port- 
land), June  5,  1767.  Mr.  Read  was  killed  in  a  dwelling 
house  near  Gambo  Falls,  in  1785.  Mrs.  Tamsin  Varney,  wife 
of  Samuel  Varney,  August  8,  1836.  June  27,  1866,  three 
females  were  seated  in  a  room  at  Baker's  Corner,  Windham, 
when  the  lightning  struck  the  building  and  the  fluid 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  95 

descended  to  the  room,  slightly  injuring  an  aged  lady,  Mrs. 
Mary  Allen,  instantly  killing  her  daughter,  Miss  Jane  Allen, 
aged  thirty-five  years,  and  severely  injuring  her  grand- 
daughter, Caroline  Hancock.  At  precisely  the  same  time  the 
dwelling  house  and  barn  of  Asa  Legrow,  standing  twenty 
rods  distant,  were  struck  by  the  lightning.  A  great  number 
of  buildings  have  been  struck  by  lightning,  only  two  of 
which  were  burnt ;  one,  a  barn  owned  by  Abraham  Ander- 
son, in  District  No.  1,  and  a  barn  owned  by  Samuel  Freeman, 
in  District  No.  15. 

DEATHS  BY  DROWNING. 

The  following  persons  have  been  drowned  in  the  Presump- 
scot  River :  Sarah  Chute,  daughter  of  Thomas  Chute,  the 
first  settler  in  town,  and  the  wife  of  John  Bodge.  Joseph 
Knights,  who  had  been  taken  prisoner  twice  by  the  Indians 
during  the  Indian  wars.  John  Gammon  and  Miss  Skillins, 
at  Mallison  Falls.  Mrs.  Knights,  wife  of  Nathaniel  Knights, 
and  her  child,  Joseph  Knights,  son  of  the  preceding  Joseph 
Knights,  a  son  of  Edmund  Flood  and  a  son  of  Joseph  Babb, 
were  drowned  at  Little  Falls.  Mrs.  Betsey  Swett,  at  Gambo 
Falls.  Amos  Mason,  John  Harding  and  Mrs.  Kingman, 
wife  of  William  Kingman,  and  a  son  of  Abraham  Leonard, 
at  Gfeat  Falls.  Matthew  Mitchell,  at  Harding's  Falls, 
Edmund  Mussey  and  Charles  Gray  above  Steep  Falls. 
William  Purington,  son. of  Meshach  and  Sarah  Purington, 
was  drowned  in  Pleasant  River,  and  a  man,  name  not  known, 
was  drowned  in  Little  Duck  Pond. 


The  Author,  in  his  narration  of  the  Windham  men  and 
those  not  native  citizens  of  Windham  who  served  in  the  quotas 
for  Windham,  has  given  the  regiment,  company  or  corps  to 
which  they  belonged,  as  designated  by  the  Adjutant  General 


96  HISTORY  OF  THE 

of  the  State  in  his  report.  The  author,  believing  the  citizens 
of  the  town  feel  interested  in  knowing  all  the  men  who  were 
native  citizens  of  the  town  who  served  in  the  war  of  the 
rebellion,  has  included  several  native  citizens  who  were 
residents  in  other  towns  and  served  in  their  quotas.  When- 
ever this  has  occurred  he  has  endeavored  to  credit  them  to 
the  town  or  corps  to  which  they  belonged. 


APPENDIX. 

No.  1. 

NAMES  OF  THE  GRANTEES  OF  NEW  MARBLEHEAD,  NOW 
WINDHAM. 

Jeremiah  Allen,  Micah  Bowden,  Robert  Bull,  Nathaniel 
Bartlette,  John  Bailey,  Thomas  Bartlette,  Nathan  Bowen, 
Francis  Bowden,  Jedediah  Blaney,  Samuel  Brimblecom, 
Joseph  Blaney,  Thomas  Chute,  Peter  Coleman,  Moses  Galley, 
Nathaniel  Cogswell,  Richard  Dana,  Benjamin  Dodge,  Hum- 
phrey Deverux,  Nicholas  Edgscome,  Nathaniel  Evans,  John 
Gelton,  Thomas  Frothingham,  Joseph  Gallison,  Joseph  Grif- 

4 

fin,  William  Goodwin,  Robert  Hooper,  Ebenezer  Hawkes, 
Jr.,  Abraham  Howard,  Benjamin  Hendley,  Edward  Holyoke, 
Joseph  Howard,  John  Homan,  Ebenezer  Hawkes,  Benjamin 
James,  William  Ingalls,  Giles  Iremy,  Samuel  Lee,  Joseph 
Majory,  Isaac  Maxfield,  William  Mayberry,  John  Oulton, 
Robert  Paramore,  George  Pigot,  John  Palmer,  Jonathan 
Proctor,  James  Perrimon,  James  Pierson,  John  Reed,  Richard 
Reed,  Samuel  Stacy,  3d,  James  Sharrar,  John  Stacy,  Eben- 
ezer Stacy,  James  Skinner,  Joseph  Swett,  Joseph  Smithurst, 
Andrew  Tucker,  Isaac  Turner,  Galley  Wright,  Thomas 
Wood. 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  97 

No.  2. 

The  original  boundaries  of  New  Marblehead,  as  laid  out 
May  15,  1735,  were  as  follows,  to  wit : 

"  We  began  at  a  place  called  Saccarappa  Falls,  in  Pre- 
sumpscot  River,  and  so  as  the  river  runs  to  a  great  pond 
called  Great  Sebago  Pond,  thence  north  45°  east,  four  miles 
and  120  rods,  thence  south  45°  east  to  North  Yarmouth 
back  line,  thence  three  miles  south,  45°  west,  to  the  corner 
of  North  Yarmouth  and  Falmouth  bounds,  thence  south  24° 
20  minutes  west,  eight  miles  and  60  rods,  to  Saccarappa 
Falls." 

No.  3. 

Boundary  lines  between  Windhani  and  Falmouth,  as 
established  by  an  act  of  the  General  Court,  Nov.  27,  1761. 

"Viz:  Beginning  at  a  white  rock  by  the  water  side  in 
Casco.  Bay  and  running  northwest  ninety-five  rods  to  the 
stump  of  a  red  oak  tree,  which  was  formerly  marked  F,  and 
from  thence  northwest  on  the  line  between  the  towns  of 
Falmouth,  and  North  Yarmouth,  eight  miles  to  a  pine  marked 
F,  for  the  northwest  corner  of  the  said  town  of  Falmouth, 
and  from  thence  and  the  lines  between  said  town  of  Falmouth 
and  the  said  New  Marblehead.  To  run  on  a  straight  line 
to  come  fifteen  rods  to  the  eastward  of  a  brook  called  Inkhorn 
Brook,  below  the  mouth  of  said  brook,  whence  it  enters  into 
the  river  called  Presumpscot  River.  To  run  again  from  the 
said  pine  tree  back  on  the  line  of  Falmouth,  ninety-five  rods, 
to  the  southeast  corner  of  North  Yarmouth,  being  a  stake, 
and  from  thence  northeast  three  miles  on  the  bounds  between 
North  Yarmouth  and  New  Marblehead  to  the  lines  of  New 
Boston."  (Gray.) 

No.  4. 

Josiah  Chute  was  the  son  of  Curtis  Chute,  and  grandson 
of  Thomas  Chute,  the  first  settler  in  Windham.  Thomas 
Chute,  the  first  settler,  died  in  this  town,  in  1770,  aged  80 

7 


98  HISTORY  OF  THE 

years.  He  had  one  son  and  two  daughters.  His  son  Curtis 
was  killed  by  lightning,  at  Portland,  June  5,  1767.  His 
daughter  Sarah,  married  to  John  Bodge,  was  drowned  at 
Horse-beef  Falls,  in  1776 ;  his  other  daughter,  Abigail, 
married  with  Mr.  Cobham.  Curtis  Chute  left  a  wife  and 
five  children — four  sons,  Josiah,  Thomas,  John  and  James, 
and  one  daughter.  Three  of  his  sons,  Josiah,  Thomas  and 
James  were  in  the  service  in  the  course  of  the  revolutionary 
war.  Josiah  was  born  in  Windham,  June  4, 1759,  and  died 
here  Oct.  2, 1834,  aged  75  years.  His  brother,  Col.  Thomas 
Chute,  died  here  several  years  since.  James  died  at  sea. 
John  died  in  Naples  July  25,  1857,  aged  90  years.  Josiah 
Chute  served  five  years  in  the  army  of  the  revolution.  He 
frequently  represented  this  town  in  the  Legislature  of  Massa- 
chusetts, was  one  of  the  delegates  in  the  State  Convention 
that  formed  the  Constitution  of  Maine,  and  for  twenty 
years  one  of  the  Selectmen  of  the  town.  He  left  a  wife 
and  seven  children. 

No.  5. 

Ezra  Brown,  who  was  killed  by  Poland,  left  a  wife  and 
four  children — three  sons,  William,  Ezra  and  Amos,  and  one 
daughter,  Lydia,  whose  descendants  are  numerous.  One  of 
his  sons,  Ezra,  died  in  this  town  March  31,  1826,  aged  76 
years.  He  was  a  man  of  superior  abilities,  was  representative 
of  the  town  in  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  in  1797, 
and  eighteen  years  one  of  the  Selectmen  of  the  town.  He 
was  one  of  the  Selectmen  from  1782  to  1802,  excepting  1789 
and  1799  ;  also,  one  of  the  Selectmen  in  1807. 

Ephraina  Winship,  anterior  to  his  being  wounded  by  the 
Indians,  had  been  married,  but  at  the  time  he  was  wounded 
he  had  no  wife,  she  having  deceased  before,  leaving  six 
children.  Winship  recovered  of  his  wounds,  notwithstanding 
the  Indians  had  taken  two  scalps  from  his  head  and  gave 
him  a  blow  with  a  hatchet,  leaving  him  for  dead.  The 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  99 

Indians  took  two  scalps  from  Winship  in  consequence  of  his 
having  two  crowns  on  his  head.  They  left  a  narrow  strip 
of  skin  extending  from  the  forehead  directly  over  the  top  to 
the  back  part  of  the  head,  between  the  two  scalps  which 
they  had  taken  off.  In  consequence  of  this  "searching 
operation  "  of  the  Indians  upon  the  head  of  Winship,  it  ever 
after  presented  a  very  singular  appearance.  Some  time 
after  this,  Winship  was  married  to  his  second  wife,  by 
whom  he  had  five  more  children,  thereby  strictly  fulfilling 
the  commands  given  to  Noah  and  his  sons,  "Be  fruitful  and 
multiply  and  replenish  the  earth."  He  was  a  native  of 
Lexington,  Mass.,  and  died  in  Windham,  June  4,  1766, 
aged  55  years.  His  perseverance  and  industry  are  certainly 
worthy  of  all  commendation . 

No.  6. 

Towns  and  Counties  by  the  name  of  Windham,  where 
situated,  and  the  population  they  contained  in  1820 : 

Towns.          Counties.         States.   Pop.       Towns.          Counties.        States.     Pop. 


Windhara,  Cumberland,  Me.  1793 
Windham,  Windham,  Vt.  931 
Windham,  Rockingham,  N.  H.  889 
Windham,  Luzerne,  Penn.  889 


Windham,  Windham,  Ct.  2489 

Windham,  Greene,  N.  Y.  2536 

Windham,  Bradford,  Penn.  350 

Windham,  Portage,  Ohio.  472 


Population  of  the  County  of  Windham,  in  Vermont,        28,457 
"  "  "  "          in  Connecticut,  31,684 

"  Windham  or  Wymondham,  town  in  the  county  of  Norfolk,  Eng.,  market 
on  Friday,  nine  miles  W.  S.  W.  Norwich,  103  N.  London,  population  4,023. 
The  chief  trade  of  the  place  is  making  wooden  ware." 

No.  7. 

In  the  summer  of  1776,  the  great  gun  and  one  swivel 
were  carried  to  Falmouth  and  put  on  board  the  privateer 
Reprieve,  commanded  by  Capt.  Joshua  Stone.  The  other 
swivel  was  destroyed,  a  few  years  ago,  at  Windham  Upper 
Corner,  so  that  none  of  these  relics  of  antiquity  are  now 
to  be  found. 

No.  8. 
During  the  winter   session   (1776)    the   General  Court 


100  HISTOEY  OP  THE 

arranged  the  militia  anew,  and  formed  Massachusetts  proper 
into  three  divisions  and  Maine  into  one.  All  able-bodied 
males  between  sixteen  and  sixty  years  were  enrolled  and 
compelled  to  do  military  duty,  except  Quakers,  settled  min- 
isters of  the  gospel,  the  officers  of  Harvard  College,  colored 
men  and  Indians. 

No.  9. 

List  of  men  belonging  to  Windham,  who  performed  ser- 
vice in  the  Continental  army  and  drafted  militia  during  the 
revolutionary  war. 

THOSE  "WHO  SERVED  THREE  YEARS. 

Elias  Legrow,  Joseph  Legrow,  Caleb  Young,  Richard 
Thurrill,  Anws  Brown,  Jr.,  Stephen  Tripp,  Samuel  Knights, 
James  Jordan,  Job  Hall,  Richard  Mabury,  Josiah  Chute, 
William  Mabury,  John  Swett,  Samuel  Tobin,  John  Mugford, 
Hezekiah  Hall,  Nathaniel  Gammon,  Stephen  Lowell,  Wil- 
liam Cammett,  Enoch  Hall,  Jeremiah  Small,  Richard  Dole, 
Edward  Webb,  Samuel  Chandler,  Eli  Webb,  Samuel  Lord, 
Amos  Brown,  Richard  Presson,  Stephen  Hutchinson,  Wil- 
liam Hardy,  John  Knight',  Nicholas  Hughes,  Robert  Millions, 
Ebenezer  Barton,  Enoch  Graffam,  Stephen  Manchester. 
Colored  men,  Flanders,  Romeo,  Lonnon,  Peter  Smith. 

Amos  Brown  was  killed  in  the  battle  of  Hubbardstown. 

THOSE  WHO  SERVED  LESS  THAN  THREE  YEARS  AT  ONE  TIME. 

James  Chute,  Ichabod  Hanson,  George  Knights,  John 
Winship,  Nathaniel  Chase,  Joseph  Hutchinson,  Samuel 
Hutchinson,  George  Crockett,  Stephen  Harris,  Thomas 
Chute,  Thomas  Crague,  Jeremiah  Jordon,  Daniel  Crockett, 
John  Young,  Edward  Anderson,  Abraham  Anderson,  John 
Anderson,  Thomas  Trott,  Benjamin  Trott,  James  Mabury, 
John  Mabury,  William  Mabury,  Jr.,  Thomas  Mabury, 
David  Mabury,  Thomas  Bolton,  John  Elder,  William  Elder, 
Joseph  Elder,  Richard  Hunnewell,  Benjamin  Bodge,  Thomas 
Bodge. 


TOWN  OF  WLNDHAM. 


No.  11. 

Muster  roll  of  Capt.  Richard  Mabury's  company  in 
battalion  of  Massachusetts  Bay  forces,  in  the  service  of  the 
United  States,  commanded  by  Col.  Benjamin  Tupper, 
Eleventh  Regiment,  Fifth  Company.  Taken  for  Dec.  1778. 

CAPTAIN. 

RICHARD  MABURY,  W. 


LIEUTENANT. 
SILAS  CHADBOURNE. 

SERGEANTS. 

Joab  Libby, 
Josiah  Chute,  W., 
Amos  Allen. 

DBUMMEB. 

Josiah  Wallace. 


PRIVATES. 


Joab  Black, 
Sylvanus  Bramhall, 
Charles  Branscum, 
George  Berry, 
Benjamin  Cressey, 
Ephraim  Dyer, 
William  Davis, 
John  Green, 
David  Guston, 
William  Hunt, 
Nicholas  Huges, 
Hezekiah  Jordon, 
Henry  Jackson, 
James  Jordon,  W., 
Robert  Jackson, 
Jedediah  Lombard, 
Butler  Lombard, 
Caleb  Lombard, 


Francis  Libby, 
William  Mabury,  W. 
Robert  Millions,  W., 
George  Robinson, 
John  Swett,  W., 
Walter  Simonton, 
Ephraim  Sawyer, 
Peter  Smith,  W., 
Joseph  Stone, 
Daniel  Small, 
Elisha  Small, 
Joseph  Thompson, 
William  Thompson, 
Jesse  Whitney, 
Joseph  Webber, 
Jonathan  Webster, 
Jonathan  Bean, 
Thomas  Chute,  W., 


"  West  Point,  January  1,  1779.    Mustered 
company,  as  specified  in  the  above  roll." 


ENSIGN. 
JONATHAN  LIBBY. 

CORPORALS. 

Nathaniel  Lombard, 
Chandler  Rackley, 
Ebenezer  Barton,  W. 

FIFER. 
Christopher  Dunn. 

Peter  Crockett, 
Thomas  Guston, 
Jeremiah  Hodgdon, 
Richard  Hollis, 
Samuel  Jordan, 
David  Mabury,  W., 
John  Orion, 
Joseph  Phinney, 
Peter  Sandborn, 
Jonathan  Swett, 
Samuel  Small, 
Ebenezer  Sawyer, 
Benjamin  Trott,  W., 
David  Truill, 
Daniel  Whitmore, 
Robert  M'Farling, 
George  Leach. 

then  Capt.  Richard  Mabury'g 


NOTE.    Those  marked  W,  were  Windham  men. 


102  HISTORY  OF  THE 

No.  12. 

NUMBER  OF  TROOPS  EMPLOYED  DURING  THE  REVOLUTION. 

Continental,  231,971;  Militia,  56,163.  Total,  288,131. 
Expenses  of  the  war  of  the  revolution,  $135,193,703. 

No.  13. 

A  PRO  RATA  DISTRIBUTION  OF  CHILDREN. 

John  Cobb  resided  several  years  in  Windham,  during 
which  time  he  had  two  children  born  in  Windham.  He 
removed  to  Danville,  and  had  two  children  born  there  ; 
then  to  Gray  and  had  two  children  born  there ;  then  to 
Bowdoinham  and  had  two  children  born  there ;  then  to 
Bath,  and  had  two  children  born  there ;  two  children  in 
each  of  the  five  towns ;  ten  in  all,  who  lived  to  be  men 
and  women.  One  of  his  sons  now  resides  in  Windham  and 
is  a  worthy  citizen. 

No.  14. 

The  author  has  been  informed  that  it  has  been  asserted 
that  Abraham  Anderson  was  not  in  the  fight  with  the 
Indians,  when  Poland  the  Indian  chief  was  killed,  as  related 
in  his  Centennial  Address.  The  author  was  not  present  at 
that  fight,  and  could  not  give  any  description  of  it  from  his 
own  knowledge.  He  had  to  do  as  all  have  to  under  similar 
circumstances :  have  recourse  to  written  or  traditional  his- 
tory. Rev.  Thomas  Smith  says  in  his  cotemporaneous 
history  that  Anderson  was  present  with  Manchester  and 
took  part  in  the  fight,  and  said  "  follow  on  my  lads  "  when 
in  the  advance.  Williamson,  in  his  history  of  Maine,  says 
Anderson  was  with  Manchester  when  Manchester  shot 
Poland.  If  there  are  any  errors  in  the  author's  statement 
that  Anderson  was  in  the  fight,  they  are  the  errors  of  his- 
torical authorities,  and  not  of  the  author. 

No.  15. 
One  of  the  antiquities  of  the  town  is  a  musical  instrument, 


TOWN  OF  WINDHAM.  103 

a  spinet,  made  in  London  by  Thomas  Hitchcock,  in  1390. 
It  was  formerly  owned  by  Rev.  Peter  T.  Smith,  and  is  now 
owned  by  the  family  of  the  late  Dr.  John  Waterman. 
Antiquarians  say  this  is  the  oldest  musical  instrument  in 
the  United  'States. 

No.  16. 

Valuation  of  the  Town  in  1872,  $832,158.00.  Number  of 
taxable  polls,  505  ;  number  of  voters,  556. 

No.  17. 

"  The  persons  drowned  in  the  Presumpscot  River  were 
not  all  residents  of  Windham.  Mrs.  Sarah  Bodge,  Joseph 
Knights,  Senior,  Mrs.  Nancy  Knights  and  her  child,  Edmund 
Flood's  son,  Joseph  Babb's  son,  Mrs.  Betsey  Swett,  Mrs. 
Kingman,  and  Abraham  Leonard's  son,  were  residents  of 
Windham ;  all  others  were  residents  of  other  towns." 


Mrs.  Mary  Swett,  wife  of  the  late  John  Swett,  died  May 
5,  1863,  aged  83  years.  She  was  the  last  of  the  revolution- 
ary pensioners  in  Windham. 

Abraham  Anderson,  son  of  Abraham  Anderson,  the  fifth 
settler  in  Windham,  was  the  only  person  born  in  the  old 
fort  (block  house).  He  died  Sept.  3,  1844,  aged  86  years. 

CONTINENTAL  MONEY. 

"  The  whole  amount  of  Continental  Money  used  from 
June  22, 1775,  to  Nov.  1779,  was  241,552,780  dollars.  The 
depreciation  was  rapid.  By  an  act  of  the  General  Court, 
the  rate  of  depreciation  on  all  contracts  was  as  follows :  for 
every  $100  in  gold  or  silver,  in  January,  1777,  $105  in 
paper  of  the  United  States,  was  to  be  received ;  in  July, 
$125;  October,  $500 ;  1779,  January,  $745;  April,  $1,104  ; 
July,  $1,477  ;  October,  $2,030  ;  1780,  January,  $2,934  ; 
April,  $4,000 ;  from  April  1st  to  20th,  $1,780  ;  one  Spanish 


104  HISTORY  OP  THE  TOWN  OF  WINDHAM. 

dollar  was  equal  to  f> 40  in  paper  of  the  old  emission ;  May 
25  it  was  equal  to  $60.  The  paper  depreciated  gradually 
until  Feb.  27, 1781,  when  one  Spanish  dollar  was  worth  $75 
in  paper.  At  that  time  a  new  emission  was  made  of  paper, 
which  was  a  little  short  of  $2  for  $1  of  silver.  This, 
however,  continually  depreciated,  until  Oct.  1,  1781,  it 
stood  at  $4  to  $1."  [  Willis's  History  of  Portland. 

The  large  amount  voted  by  the  town  in  1781,  for  the 
repair  of  highways,  consisted  of  this  depreciated  Continental 
Currency. 

The  Free  Meeting  House  at  Windham  Upper  Corner  was 
erected  in  1781. 


CORRECTIONS. 

On  page  58,  the  number  mustered  into  service  should 
read  311  instead  of  "  374." 

On  page  92,  second  line  from  bottom,  read  thirteen 
instead  of  "  sixteen."  On  page  93,  eleventh  line,  read  1872, 
instead  of  "  1873." 


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